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Canadian Climate Normals 1981-2010 Station Data

Temperature and Precipitation Graph
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Normals Data

The minimum number of years used to calculate these Normals is indicated by a code for each element. A "+" beside an extreme date indicates that this date is the first occurrence of the extreme value. Values and dates in bold indicate all-time extremes for the location.

Data used in the calculation of these Normals may be subject to further quality assurance checks. This may result in minor changes to some values presented here.

HALIFAX CITADEL
NOVA SCOTIA

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Normals Station Data
(all elements)
Temperature
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Temperature
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
Daily Average (°C)-4.1-3.6-0.24.910.115.218.819.115.59.94.8-0.87.5C
Standard Deviation1.91.81.40.91.11.11.00.91.21.21.22.22.1C
Daily Maximum (°C)-0.10.43.68.714.419.623.123.119.313.48.12.811.4C
Daily Minimum (°C)-8.2-7.5-3.91.05.810.714.415.111.86.41.5-4.33.6C
Extreme Maximum (°C)14.016.023.526.133.334.033.033.932.224.020.016.7
Date (yyyy/dd)1995/ 161994/ 201998/ 311938/ 281977/ 232001/ 272001/ 251935/ 191969/ 011983/ 04+1938/ 06+1950/ 30
Extreme Minimum (°C)-26.1-25.0-21.0-12.0-2.81.77.26.11.0-5.0-13.9-23.3
Date (yyyy/dd)1951/ 311993/ 071989/ 071995/ 061966/ 08+1973/ 181970/ 021965/ 30+1980/ 291976/ 291936/ 191933/ 30
Precipitation
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Precipitation
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
Rainfall (mm)96.775.1101.3111.3118.4111.8110.396.4108.9124.1143.6115.91313.9C
Snowfall (cm)43.135.031.27.00.80.00.00.00.00.17.829.2154.2C
Precipitation (mm)139.7110.1132.5118.3119.1111.8110.396.4108.9124.3151.4145.11468.1C
Extreme Daily Rainfall (mm)88.659.282.673.272.165.893.8118.196.381.399.195.3
Date (yyyy/dd)1978/ 181965/ 251972/ 231984/ 161971/ 171972/ 101982/ 201971/ 151936/ 191970/ 041972/ 091975/ 10
Extreme Daily Snowfall (cm)39.041.231.022.920.30.00.00.00.012.722.044.0
Date (yyyy/dd)1981/ 171992/ 011993/ 131972/ 031972/ 091934/ 01+1934/ 01+1933/ 01+1933/ 01+1974/ 201989/ 231983/ 24
Extreme Daily Precipitation (mm)93.759.282.673.272.165.893.8118.196.381.399.195.3
Date (yyyy/dd)1978/ 181965/ 251972/ 231984/ 161971/ 171972/ 101982/ 201971/ 151936/ 191970/ 041972/ 091975/ 10
Extreme Snow Depth (cm)626689200000002931
Date (yyyy/dd)1981/ 181987/ 11+1987/ 171985/ 021964/ 01+1964/ 01+1964/ 01+1964/ 01+1964/ 01+1964/ 01+1989/ 271988/ 18
Days with Maximum Temperature
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Maximum Temperature
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
<= 0 °C15.113.67.00.290.00.00.00.00.00.01.69.547.0C
> 0 °C15.914.724.029.731.030.031.031.030.031.028.421.6318.2C
> 10 °C0.680.712.110.625.329.731.031.029.824.310.62.7198.4C
> 20 °C0.00.00.050.103.113.424.625.211.10.710.00.078.2C
> 30 °C0.00.00.00.00.050.240.300.330.100.00.00.01.0C
> 35 °C0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0C
Days with Minimum Temperature
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Minimum Temperature
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
> 0 °C2.62.55.317.830.230.031.031.030.030.017.66.4234.3C
<= 2 °C30.327.529.121.13.40.00.00.00.054.717.827.8161.6C
<= 0 °C28.425.825.712.20.850.00.00.00.01.112.424.6131.0C
< -2 °C24.922.117.33.00.00.00.00.00.00.055.818.391.3C
< -10 °C11.59.43.60.100.00.00.00.00.00.00.105.129.8C
< -20 °C0.570.140.050.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.050.81C
< - 30 °C0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0C
Days with Rainfall
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Rainfall
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
>= 0.2 mm8.56.510.214.115.713.612.111.111.714.114.510.8142.7C
>= 5 mm5.03.75.66.16.66.04.65.05.85.97.36.067.3C
>= 10 mm3.82.63.53.44.53.53.53.43.44.14.44.144.0C
>= 25 mm1.11.01.21.10.901.41.50.951.31.41.61.214.6C
Days With Snowfall
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days With Snowfall
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
>= 0.2 cm6.86.14.11.60.190.00.00.00.00.101.25.225.3C
>= 5 cm3.02.42.70.620.050.00.00.00.00.00.432.111.3C
>= 10 cm1.31.11.20.050.00.00.00.00.00.00.290.714.8C
>= 25 cm0.180.140.100.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.190.61C
Days with Precipitation
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Precipitation
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
>= 0.2 mm13.811.613.115.215.813.612.111.111.714.115.314.5161.8C
>= 5 mm7.65.87.96.86.76.04.65.05.85.97.77.777.2C
>= 10 mm5.23.94.93.54.53.53.53.43.44.14.74.949.4C
>= 25 mm1.51.31.21.10.901.41.50.951.31.41.71.515.7C
Wind
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Wind
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
Maximum Hourly Speed (km/h)1355891565960707256565858
Date (yyyy/dd)1980/ 191971/ 091976/ 171977/ 05+1975/ 061973/ 171975/ 281979/ 071985/ 281974/ 20+1973/ 021971/ 25
Direction of Maximum Hourly SpeedNSWWSWSENWSWSWS
Degree Days
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Degree Days
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
Above 24 °C000000.10.20.400000.8D
Above 18 °C00000.610.943.149.611.10.300115.6D
Above 15 °C00003.342.1118.9128.345.53.90.10342D
Above 10 °C0.100.52.342.6157.4271.7281.8167.643.36.10.1973.5D
Above 5 °C1.71.45.937.4161305.8426.7436.8316.2154.2477.71901.8D
Above 0 °C20.219.150.9148.6314.4455.8581.7591.8466.2306.9151.748.13155.3D
Below 0 °C145.212056.32.50000007.674.9406.5D
Below 5 °C281.7243.5166.441.21.600002.353189.6979.2D
Below 10 °C435.1383.3315.9156.238.11.6001.446.41623371,877D
Below 15 °C590524.5470.5303.8153.836.42.21.529.3162306491.93071.8D
Below 18 °C683609.2563.5393.8244.295.119.415.884.9251.4395.9584.93,941D
Radiation
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Radiation
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
Extreme Global - RF1 (MJ/m2)11162528343433312518139
Date (yyyy/dd)2001/ 291965/ 281965/ 311965/ 252000/ 301965/ 202000/ 061965/ 012000/ 061973/ 011964/ 011990/ 03
Frost-Free
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Frost-Free
Date/Days Code
Average Date of Last Spring Frost May 01 C
Average Date of First Fall Frost Oct 31 C
Average Length of Frost-Free Period 182 Days C
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Frost-Free
Probability of last temperature in spring of 0 °C or lower on or after indicated dates10%25%33%50%66%75%90%
DateMay 19May 09May 08May 01Apr 27Apr 25Apr 19
Probability of first temperature in fall of 0 °C or lower on or before indicated dates10%25%33%50%66%75%90%
DateOct 11Oct 19Oct 20Oct 25Oct 30Nov 01Nov 05
Probability of frost-free period equal to or less than indicated period (Days)10%25%33%50%66%75%90%
Days152166169176181186194

Legend

  • A = WMO "3 and 5 rule" (i.e. no more than 3 consecutive and no more than 5 total missing for either temperature or precipitation)
  • B = At least 25 years
  • C = At least 20 years
  • D = At least 15 years
  • + = Most recent occurrence of the extreme value
Station / Element Metadata

Statistics listed below are provided as a guide to determine the validity of Normals and Extremes calculations. For example, a station with 30 years of record between 1981 and 2010 with no missing years would be a more reliable normal than a station with 15 years of record and 2 missing years. Less than 100% possible observations indicates that out of the total number of observations used, some records were missing.

HALIFAX CITADEL

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