Canadian Climate Normals 1981-2010 Station Data

Temperature and Precipitation Graph

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Temperature and Precipitation Graph for 1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals
TORONTO

Symbol	Description
	Daily Maximum Temperature (°C)
	Daily Average Temperature (°C)
	Daily Minimum Temperature (°C)
	Precipitation (mm)

Normals Data

The minimum number of years used to calculate these Normals is indicated by a code for each element. A "+" beside an extreme date indicates that this date is the first occurrence of the extreme value. Values and dates in bold indicate all-time extremes for the location.

Data used in the calculation of these Normals may be subject to further quality assurance checks. This may result in minor changes to some values presented here.

TORONTO
ONTARIO
Current Station Operator: CCN

43°40'00.000" N

79°24'00.000" W

112.50 m

6158350

71266

Temperature

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Temperature
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Daily Average (°C)	-3.7	-2.6	1.4	7.9	14.1	19.4	22.3	21.5	17.2	10.7	4.9	-0.5	9.4	C
Standard Deviation	2.8	2.2	1.7	1.4	1.8	1.3	1.4	1.3	1.4	1.2	1.4	2.7	1.3	C
Daily Maximum (°C)	-0.7	0.4	4.7	11.5	18.4	23.8	26.6	25.5	21.0	14.0	7.5	2.1	12.9	C
Daily Minimum (°C)	-6.7	-5.6	-1.9	4.1	9.9	14.9	18.0	17.4	13.4	7.4	2.3	-3.1	5.9	C
Extreme Maximum (°C)	16.1	14.4	26.7	32.2	34.4	36.7	40.6	38.9	37.8	30.0	23.9	19.9
Date (yyyy/dd)	1967/ 25	1976/ 25	1946/ 28	1842/ 22	1962/ 18+	1964/ 30	1936/ 08+	1918/ 13	1953/ 02	1963/ 07	1950/ 01	1982/ 03
Extreme Minimum (°C)	-32.8	-31.7	-26.7	-15.0	-3.9	-2.2	3.9	4.4	-2.2	-8.9	-20.6	-30.0
Date (yyyy/dd)	1859/ 10	1855/ 05+	1868/ 03	1923/ 01	1854/ 06+	1842/ 10+	1843/ 12	1855/ 18+	1842/ 22+	1844/ 31	1875/ 30	1933/ 29

Precipitation

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Precipitation
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Rainfall (mm)	29.1	29.7	33.6	61.1	82.0	70.9	63.9	81.1	84.7	64.3	75.4	38.2	714.0	C
Snowfall (cm)	37.2	27.0	19.8	5.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	8.3	24.1	121.5	C
Precipitation (mm)	61.5	55.4	53.7	68.0	82.0	70.9	63.9	81.1	84.7	64.4	84.1	61.5	831.1	C
Average Snow Depth (cm)	7	6	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	2	D
Median Snow Depth (cm)	6	6	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	1	D
Snow Depth at Month-end (cm)	7	5	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	1	C
Extreme Daily Rainfall (mm)	63.5	43.4	43.7	59.7	68.6	63.5	98.6	93.5	87.9	86.9	79.5	49.5
Date (yyyy/dd)	1843/ 31	1855/ 13	1881/ 19	1850/ 03	1894/ 21	1957/ 28	1897/ 27	1905/ 15	1843/ 14	1954/ 15	1861/ 02	1870/ 05
Extreme Daily Snowfall (cm)	39.9	45.7	40.6	21.1	7.6	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	12.2	30.5	48.3
Date (yyyy/dd)	1966/ 23	1846/ 20+	1870/ 27	1901/ 20	1875/ 01	1840/ 01+	1840/ 01+	1840/ 01+	1840/ 01+	1969/ 21	1950/ 24	1944/ 11
Extreme Daily Precipitation (mm)	52.3	52.6	43.7	59.7	68.6	63.5	98.6	93.5	87.9	86.9	79.5	49.5
Date (yyyy/dd)	1932/ 01	1965/ 25	1881/ 19	1850/ 03	1894/ 21	1957/ 28	1897/ 27	1905/ 15	1843/ 14	1954/ 15	1861/ 02	1870/ 05
Extreme Snow Depth (cm)	65	38	33	19	3	0	0	0	0	13	20	41
Date (yyyy/dd)	1999/ 15	1971/ 14+	2005/ 02+	1979/ 09	1963/ 01	1955/ 01+	1955/ 01+	1955/ 01+	1955/ 01+	1969/ 21	1997/ 16	1977/ 12

Days with Maximum Temperature

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Maximum Temperature
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
<= 0 °C	15.6	12.5	6.7	0.39	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.1	9.6	45.9	C
> 0 °C	15.4	15.7	24.3	29.6	31.0	30.0	31.0	31.0	30.0	31.0	28.9	21.5	319.4	C
> 10 °C	0.70	0.65	5.2	17.3	30.0	30.0	31.0	31.0	30.0	25.1	8.6	1.7	211.1	C
> 20 °C	0.0	0.0	0.48	2.3	10.5	23.7	30.2	29.5	17.3	3.2	0.14	0.0	117.2	C
> 30 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.09	0.43	2.5	5.4	2.7	0.64	0.0	0.0	0.0	11.8	C
> 35 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.13	0.45	0.14	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.72	C

Days with Minimum Temperature

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Minimum Temperature
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
> 0 °C	4.6	6.0	12.5	25.6	31.0	30.0	31.0	31.0	30.0	30.3	21.6	10.9	264.4	C
<= 2 °C	29.0	25.9	24.0	9.4	0.22	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.6	14.2	25.9	131.2	C
<= 0 °C	26.4	22.3	18.5	4.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.73	8.4	20.1	100.8	C
< -2 °C	22.8	19.3	14.3	1.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.05	4.2	15.9	78.2	C
< -10 °C	9.1	6.6	2.4	0.04	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.09	3.7	21.9	C
< -20 °C	0.96	0.13	0.04	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.09	1.2	C
< - 30 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	C

Days with Rainfall

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Rainfall
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
>= 0.2 mm	5.4	4.8	7.9	11.2	12.7	11.0	10.4	10.2	11.1	11.7	10.9	7.0	114.1	C
>= 5 mm	1.7	1.7	2.2	4.2	5.1	4.4	4.3	4.3	4.7	4.5	4.4	2.4	43.9	C
>= 10 mm	1.0	1.1	0.96	1.9	2.8	2.4	2.4	2.5	2.9	2.0	2.8	1.3	24.0	C
>= 25 mm	0.19	0.15	0.04	0.22	0.57	0.52	0.32	0.91	0.68	0.17	0.50	0.12	4.4	C

Days With Snowfall

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days With Snowfall
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
>= 0.2 cm	12.0	8.7	6.5	2.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.08	3.1	8.4	40.9	C
>= 5 cm	2.5	1.6	1.2	0.35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.46	1.6	7.7	C
>= 10 cm	0.81	0.73	0.38	0.12	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.15	0.46	2.7	C
>= 25 cm	0.08	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.08	C

Days with Precipitation

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Precipitation
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
>= 0.2 mm	15.4	11.6	12.6	12.6	12.7	11.0	10.4	10.2	11.1	11.7	13.0	13.2	145.5	C
>= 5 mm	4.0	3.2	3.5	4.6	5.1	4.4	4.3	4.3	4.7	4.5	5.0	3.9	51.4	C
>= 10 mm	1.7	1.7	1.5	2.1	2.8	2.4	2.4	2.5	2.9	2.0	3.1	1.9	27.0	C
>= 25 mm	0.23	0.27	0.08	0.26	0.57	0.52	0.32	0.91	0.68	0.17	0.54	0.15	4.7	C

Days with Snow Depth

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Snow Depth
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
>= 1 cm	20.0	19.4	11.4	1.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.9	10.7	64.5	D
>= 5 cm	15.0	14.1	7.2	0.38	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.77	5.8	43.3	D
>= 10 cm	9.8	7.2	4.1	0.08	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.46	2.8	24.5	D
>= 20 cm	1.9	1.6	0.81	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.04	0.88	5.2	D

Wind

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Wind
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Maximum Hourly Speed (km/h)	64	69	129	64	80	43	48	37	42	55	64	72
Date (yyyy/dd)	1964/ 25	1964/ 23	1964/ 05	1964/ 21	1964/ 09	1964/ 10	1960/ 30	1968/ 14	1964/ 24	1965/ 31	1963/ 23	1963/ 24
Direction of Maximum Hourly Speed	SW	SW	SW	E	W	W	W	W	W	W	SW	SW
Maximum Gust Speed (km/h)			61	47			48
Date (yyyy/dd)			1955/ 22	1955/ 09			1961/ 03
Direction of Maximum Gust			SW	W			W

Degree Days

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Degree Days
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Above 24 °C	0	0	0	0.1	0.4	4.9	17.7	10.7	2	0	0	0	35.6	C
Above 18 °C	0	0	0.1	1.7	15.3	66.9	136.9	113.6	38.7	1.5	0	0	374.6	C
Above 15 °C	0	0	0.7	5.2	41.2	136.9	227.5	202.1	88.8	9.4	0.1	0	711.8	C
Above 10 °C	0	0	5.3	29.8	136.6	280.8	382.5	356.5	217.7	62.4	7.6	1.1	1480.2	C
Above 5 °C	2.4	3.5	24.9	106.9	283.4	430.8	537.5	511.5	366.1	180	50	9.4	2506.4	C
Above 0 °C	24.6	31.5	91.4	237.8	438.3	580.8	692.5	666.5	516.1	332.3	155.5	56.9	3824.1	C
Below 0 °C	140.5	104.1	47.9	2.5	0	0	0	0	0	0	7.2	71.5	373.7	C
Below 5 °C	273.3	217.2	136.5	21.6	0.1	0	0	0	0	2.8	51.7	179	882.1	C
Below 10 °C	426	354.9	271.8	94.4	8.3	0.1	0	0	1.6	40.1	159.3	325.7	1,682	C
Below 15 °C	580.9	495.9	422.2	219.8	67.8	6.1	0.1	0.6	22.7	142.1	301.8	479.6	2739.7	C
Below 18 °C	673.9	580.6	514.6	306.3	135	26.2	2.4	5.1	62.5	227.3	391.7	572.6	3498.2	C

Bright Sunshine

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Bright Sunshine
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Total Hours	85.9	111.3	161.0	180.0	227.7	259.6	279.6	245.6	194.4	154.3	88.9	78.1	2066.3	D
Days with measurable	21.2	21.3	25.1	26.4	28.3	28.2	30.1	29.5	27.2	27.4	20.6	19.7	304.8	D
% of possible daylight hours	29.7	37.7	43.6	44.8	50.0	56.3	59.8	56.7	51.7	45.1	30.5	28.0	44.5	D
Extreme Daily	9.3	10.3	11.5	13.3	15.0	14.6	14.3	13.9	12.3	10.4	10.4	8.9
Date (yyyy/dd)	1966/ 25	1972/ 20+	1973/ 27+	1975/ 22	1996/ 30	1999/ 26	1997/ 19	1963/ 05+	1970/ 01	1986/ 20	1975/ 04	2000/ 20

Humidex

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Humidex
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Extreme Humidex	15.7	12.2	21.7	31.6	39.8	44.5	43.0	42.6	43.8	31.2	26.1	17.7
Date (yyyy/dd)	1967/ 25	1957/ 25	1963/ 30	1962/ 27	1969/ 29	1957/ 18	1964/ 28	1955/ 01	1953/ 02	1968/ 01	1961/ 03	1966/ 08

Wind Chill

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Wind Chill
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Extreme Wind Chill (°C)	-37	-34	-26	-17	-8	0	0	0	0	-8	-17	-34
Date (yyyy/dd)	1963/ 24	1963/ 07	1968/ 03	1964/ 04	1963/ 01	1953/ 01+	1953/ 01+	1953/ 01+	1953/ 01+	1965/ 29	1958/ 29	1962/ 30

Radiation

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Radiation
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Extreme Global - RF1 (MJ/m2)	11	17	24	29	32	35	32	29	25	18	12	9
Date (yyyy/dd)	1978/ 30	1980/ 29	1963/ 31	1978/ 30	1964/ 25	1995/ 15	1964/ 05	1959/ 01	1976/ 02	1974/ 03	1958/ 01	1990/ 02
Extreme Diffuse - RF2 (MJ/m2)	6	8	12	13	14	16	16	12	10	7	6	4
Date (yyyy/dd)	1958/ 18	1958/ 18	1959/ 29	1957/ 28	1957/ 30	1958/ 15	1956/ 04	1957/ 14	1958/ 06	1957/ 11	1956/ 03	1956/ 13

Frost-Free

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Frost-Free
	Date/Days	Code
Average Date of Last Spring Frost	Apr 13	C
Average Date of First Fall Frost	Nov 03	C
Average Length of Frost-Free Period	203 Days	C

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Frost-Free
Probability of last temperature in spring <= 0°C, on or after (Date)	10%	25%	33%	50%	66%	75%	90%
Date	May 15	May 07	May 04	Apr 28	Apr 21	Apr 18	Apr 10
Probability of first temperature in fall <= 0°C, on or before (Date)	10%	25%	33%	50%	66%	75%	90%
Date	Oct 01	Oct 09	Oct 13	Oct 19	Oct 25	Oct 29	Nov 10
Probability of frost-free period equal to or less than indicated period (Days)	10%	25%	33%	50%	66%	75%	90%
Days	144	158	163	172	185	191	205

Legend

A = WMO "3 and 5 rule" (i.e. no more than 3 consecutive and no more than 5 total missing for either temperature or precipitation)
B = At least 25 years
C = At least 20 years

D = At least 15 years
+ = Most recent occurrence of the extreme value

Station / Element Metadata

Statistics listed below are provided as a guide to determine the validity of Normals and Extremes calculations. For example, a station with 30 years of record between 1981 and 2010 with no missing years would be a more reliable normal than a station with 15 years of record and 2 missing years. Less than 100% possible observations indicates that out of the total number of observations used, some records were missing.

TORONTO

Province/Territory

Latitude (dd mm):

43 40 N

Country

CAN

Longitude (ddd mm):

79 24 W

Time Zone

EST

Latitude (decimal degrees):

43.67 N

Climate ID:

6158350

Longitude (decimal degrees):

79.4 W

WMO ID:

71266

Elevation (m):

112.5

TC ID:

Temperature

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Temperature
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Daily Average (°C)	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100
Standard Deviation	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100
Daily Maximum (°C)	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100
Daily Minimum (°C)	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100
Extreme Maximum (°C)	1840	2003			59651	100
Extreme Minimum (°C)	1840	2003			59651	100

Precipitation

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Precipitation
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Rainfall (mm)	1981	2006	26	1	8762	98.1
Snowfall (cm)	1981	2006	26	1	8762	98.1
Precipitation (mm)	1981	2006	26	1	8762	98.1
Average Snow Depth (cm)	1981	2006	26	2	8600	98.8
Median Snow Depth (cm)	1981	2006	26	2	8600	98.8
Snow Depth at Month-end (cm)	1981	2006	26	2	286	100
Extreme Daily Rainfall (mm)	1840	2006			60151	99.9
Extreme Daily Snowfall (cm)	1840	2006			59140	100
Extreme Daily Precipitation (mm)	1840	2006			59090	99.9
Extreme Snow Depth (cm)	1955	2006			18098	99.5

Days with Maximum Temperature

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days with Maximum Temperature
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
<= 0 °C	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100
> 0 °C	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100
> 10 °C	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100
> 20 °C	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100
> 30 °C	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100
> 35 °C	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100

Days with Minimum Temperature

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days with Minimum Temperature
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
> 0 °C	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100
<= 2 °C	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100
<= 0 °C	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100
< -2 °C	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100
< -10 °C	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100
< -20 °C	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100
< - 30 °C	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100

Days with Rainfall

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days with Rainfall
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
>= 0.2 mm	1981	2006	26	1	8762	98.1
>= 5 mm	1981	2006	26	1	8762	98.1
>= 10 mm	1981	2006	26	1	8762	98.1
>= 25 mm	1981	2006	26	1	8762	98.1

Days With Snowfall

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days With Snowfall
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
>= 0.2 cm	1981	2006	26	0	8945	100
>= 5 cm	1981	2006	26	0	8945	100
>= 10 cm	1981	2006	26	0	8945	100
>= 25 cm	1981	2006	26	0	8945	100

Days with Precipitation

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days with Precipitation
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
>= 0.2 mm	1981	2006	26	1	8762	98.1
>= 5 mm	1981	2006	26	1	8762	98.1
>= 10 mm	1981	2006	26	1	8762	98.1
>= 25 mm	1981	2006	26	1	8762	98.1

Days with Snow Depth

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days with Snow Depth
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
>= 1 cm	1981	2006	26	2	8518	97.8
>= 5 cm	1981	2006	26	2	8518	97.8
>= 10 cm	1981	2006	26	2	8518	97.8
>= 20 cm	1981	2006	26	2	8518	97.8

Wind

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Wind
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Maximum Hourly Speed (km/h)	1953	1969			31667	22
Maximum Gust Speed (km/h)	1955	1961			92	100

Degree Days

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Degree Days
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Above 24 °C	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100
Above 18 °C	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100
Above 15 °C	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100
Above 10 °C	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100
Above 5 °C	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100
Above 0 °C	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100
Below 0 °C	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100
Below 5 °C	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100
Below 10 °C	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100
Below 15 °C	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100
Below 18 °C	1981	2003	23	0	8216	100

Bright Sunshine

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Bright Sunshine
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Total Hours	1981	2001	21	1	176016	98.8
Days with measurable	1981	2001	21	1	176016	98.8
% of possible daylight hours	1981	2001	21	1	176016	98.8
Extreme Daily	1957	2001			385632	99.3

Humidex

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Humidex
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Extreme Humidex	1953	1969			59382	41.3

Wind Chill

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Wind Chill
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Extreme Wind Chill (°C)	1953	1969			31666	22

Radiation

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Radiation
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Extreme Global - RF1 (MJ/m2)	1956	2001			391630	99.1
Extreme Diffuse - RF2 (MJ/m2)	1956	1959			29452	92.1

Frost-Free

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Frost-Free
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Average Date of Last Spring Frost	1981	2002	22	0	22	100.0
Average Date of First Fall Frost	1981	2002	22	0	22	100.0
Average Length of Frost-Free Period	1981	2002	22	0	22	100.0
Probability of last temperature in spring <= 0°C, on or after (Date)
10 %	1841	2002			162	100.0
25 %	1841	2002			162	100.0
33 %	1841	2002			162	100.0
50 %	1841	2002			162	100.0
66 %	1841	2002			162	100.0
75 %	1841	2002			162	100.0
90 %	1841	2002			162	100.0
Probability of first temperature in fall <= 0°C, on or before (Date)
10 %	1841	2002			162	100.0
25 %	1841	2002			162	100.0
33 %	1841	2002			162	100.0
50 %	1841	2002			162	100.0
66 %	1841	2002			162	100.0
75 %	1841	2002			162	100.0
90 %	1841	2002			162	100.0
Probability of frost-free period equal to or less than indicated period (Days)
10 %	1841	2002			162	100.0
25 %	1841	2002			162	100.0
33 %	1841	2002			162	100.0
50 %	1841	2002			162	100.0
66 %	1841	2002			162	100.0
75 %	1841	2002			162	100.0
90 %	1841	2002			162	100.0

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Date modified:: 2024-10-01

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Canadian Climate Normals 1981-2010 Station Data

Temperature and Precipitation Graph for 1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals
TORONTO

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Canadian Climate Normals 1981-2010 Station Data

Temperature and Precipitation Graph for 1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate NormalsTORONTO

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Temperature and Precipitation Graph for 1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals
TORONTO