Canadian Climate Normals 1981-2010 Station Data

Temperature and Precipitation Graph

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Temperature and Precipitation Graph for 1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals
RED DEER A

Symbol	Description
	Daily Maximum Temperature (°C)
	Daily Average Temperature (°C)
	Daily Minimum Temperature (°C)
	Precipitation (mm)

Normals Data

The minimum number of years used to calculate these Normals is indicated by a code for each element. A "+" beside an extreme date indicates that this date is the first occurrence of the extreme value. Values and dates in bold indicate all-time extremes for the location.

Data used in the calculation of these Normals may be subject to further quality assurance checks. This may result in minor changes to some values presented here.

RED DEER A *
ALBERTA

52°10'43.000" N

113°53'35.000" W

904.60 m

3025480

71878

YQF

* This station meets WMO standards for temperature and precipitation.

Temperature

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Temperature
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Daily Average (°C)	-11.6	-9.1	-3.7	4.3	9.7	13.7	15.9	14.9	9.9	3.9	-5.1	-10.0	2.8	A
Standard Deviation	4.6	3.8	3.7	1.7	1.4	1.1	1.3	1.7	1.7	1.7	3.7	4.3	1.1	A
Daily Maximum (°C)	-5.5	-2.7	2.2	11.1	16.8	20.0	22.7	22.1	17.2	11.0	0.7	-4.0	9.3	A
Daily Minimum (°C)	-17.6	-15.4	-9.5	-2.6	2.6	7.4	9.1	7.7	2.7	-3.3	-10.8	-15.9	-3.8	A
Extreme Maximum (°C)	10.9	18.1	24.8	32.8	34.5	33.5	36.1	35.0	35.0	28.9	22.8	17.2
Date (yyyy/dd)	1987/ 11	1988/ 26	2004/ 30	1946/ 26	1986/ 28	2002/ 27	1941/ 18	1940/ 30	1967/ 01	1943/ 02	1975/ 04	1941/ 02
Extreme Minimum (°C)	-46.1	-43.9	-42.8	-32.8	-15.6	-5.0	0.2	-5.1	-11.7	-28.8	-38.4	-44.1
Date (yyyy/dd)	1972/ 26	1939/ 09	1951/ 08	1954/ 02	1954/ 01	1969/ 12	1999/ 16	1992/ 24	1951/ 27	1991/ 29	1984/ 01	1977/ 09

Precipitation

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Precipitation
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Rainfall (mm)	0.4	0.6	1.7	12.1	47.2	94.0	94.4	71.2	47.4	13.0	1.0	0.7	383.7	A
Snowfall (cm)	18.6	14.5	20.4	14.0	8.5	0.0	0.0	0.4	3.0	9.9	16.6	13.5	119.6	A
Precipitation (mm)	16.1	12.2	19.0	24.8	55.4	94.0	94.4	71.6	50.2	22.3	14.8	12.3	487.0	A
Average Snow Depth (cm)	14	13	10	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	4	7	4	A
Median Snow Depth (cm)	15	13	9	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	6	4	A
Snow Depth at Month-end (cm)	14	12	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	6	11	4	A
Extreme Daily Rainfall (mm)	13.2	7.2	10.7	48.0	46.2	99.6	85.3	124.2	62.5	21.1	4.3	10.6
Date (yyyy/dd)	1971/ 07	1989/ 23	1959/ 26	1951/ 30	1981/ 06	1970/ 30	1949/ 16	1938/ 07	1969/ 04	1970/ 05	1966/ 05	2000/ 27
Extreme Daily Snowfall (cm)	18.5	27.8	27.4	20.3	33.0	3.8	0.0	8.4	15.5	25.4	20.3	32.3
Date (yyyy/dd)	1994/ 13	2005/ 04	1958/ 05	1963/ 16	1986/ 14	1967/ 10	1938/ 01+	2002/ 02	1968/ 21	1957/ 21	1938/ 10	1975/ 30
Extreme Daily Precipitation (mm)	15.7	16.5	27.4	48.0	47.0	99.6	85.3	124.2	62.5	30.5	22.9	32.3
Date (yyyy/dd)	1963/ 13	1960/ 09	1958/ 05	1951/ 30	1981/ 06	1970/ 30	1949/ 16	1938/ 07	1969/ 04	1970/ 05	1942/ 15	1975/ 30
Extreme Snow Depth (cm)	56	69	64	53	20	0	0	0	8	25	44	46
Date (yyyy/dd)	1974/ 30+	1966/ 19	1974/ 26+	1974/ 01	2003/ 07	1955/ 01+	1955/ 01+	1955/ 01+	1965/ 26+	1957/ 22+	1996/ 23+	1975/ 31+

Days with Maximum Temperature

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Maximum Temperature
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
<= 0 °C	21.0	15.6	9.7	1.8	0.11	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.04	2.0	12.7	19.7	82.7	A
> 0 °C	10.0	12.6	21.3	28.2	30.9	30.0	31.0	31.0	30.0	29.0	17.3	11.3	282.5	A
> 10 °C	0.12	0.81	3.7	17.8	27.1	29.7	31.0	30.5	25.5	17.7	2.9	0.60	187.6	A
> 20 °C	0.0	0.0	0.04	2.4	9.5	14.9	22.7	20.9	10.2	3.0	0.04	0.0	83.5	A
> 30 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.30	0.19	1.3	1.2	0.30	0.0	0.0	0.0	3.3	A
> 35 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	A

Days with Minimum Temperature

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Minimum Temperature
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
> 0 °C	0.04	0.07	0.56	7.5	23.3	29.7	31.0	30.8	22.8	6.7	0.56	0.04	152.9	A
<= 2 °C	31.0	28.2	31.0	27.1	14.0	1.3	0.15	1.3	12.6	28.6	30.0	31.0	236.1	A
<= 0 °C	31.0	28.2	30.4	22.5	7.7	0.27	0.0	0.23	7.2	24.3	29.4	31.0	212.3	A
< -2 °C	30.8	27.8	27.2	15.2	3.6	0.04	0.0	0.04	3.1	18.0	27.9	30.6	184.1	A
< -10 °C	24.5	19.9	11.4	1.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.9	15.1	23.4	97.6	A
< -20 °C	10.9	7.2	2.7	0.08	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.26	2.7	8.0	31.9	A
< - 30 °C	3.3	1.7	0.60	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.56	1.8	8.0	A

Days with Rainfall

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Rainfall
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
>= 0.2 mm	0.48	0.22	1.4	4.9	11.1	14.8	13.8	11.6	9.9	5.1	1.1	0.72	75.0	A
>= 5 mm	0.0	0.07	0.04	0.69	2.9	5.5	5.4	4.2	2.7	0.67	0.0	0.04	22.3	A
>= 10 mm	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.27	1.4	3.2	3.0	2.2	1.5	0.30	0.0	0.04	11.9	A
>= 25 mm	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.23	0.69	0.78	0.62	0.15	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.5	A

Days With Snowfall

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days With Snowfall
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
>= 0.2 cm	9.2	7.4	7.9	4.6	2.4	0.08	0.0	0.08	0.81	3.9	7.5	7.5	51.2	A
>= 5 cm	0.78	0.59	1.5	0.96	0.54	0.0	0.0	0.04	0.19	0.59	0.67	0.60	6.4	A
>= 10 cm	0.11	0.07	0.27	0.23	0.19	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.11	0.19	0.19	0.08	1.4	A
>= 25 cm	0.0	0.04	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.04	A

Days with Precipitation

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Precipitation
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
>= 0.2 mm	9.2	7.4	8.7	8.2	12.0	14.8	13.8	11.6	10.3	7.7	8.0	7.6	119.1	A
>= 5 mm	0.52	0.48	1.1	1.7	3.5	5.5	5.4	4.2	3.0	1.2	0.52	0.48	27.6	A
>= 10 mm	0.11	0.07	0.19	0.58	1.7	3.2	3.0	2.2	1.5	0.48	0.15	0.04	13.2	A
>= 25 mm	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.27	0.69	0.78	0.62	0.19	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.6	A

Days with Snow Depth

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Snow Depth
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
>= 1 cm	28.9	27.0	22.5	4.0	0.93	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.26	3.2	16.6	22.7	126.0	A
>= 5 cm	26.0	22.9	17.3	2.2	0.37	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.04	1.4	8.7	15.6	94.5	A
>= 10 cm	19.3	17.4	11.7	1.5	0.19	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.56	4.0	9.3	64.0	A
>= 20 cm	7.9	6.7	5.7	0.28	0.04	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.20	1.1	2.1	23.9	A

Wind

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Wind
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Speed (km/h)	10.4	10.3	11.3	13.3	13.8	12.2	10.4	9.8	11.1	11.7	10.4	10.4	11.3	A
Most Frequent Direction	S	S	S	S	NW	NW	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	A
Maximum Hourly Speed (km/h)	76	80	71	80	89	103	72	72	87	79	80	72
Date (yyyy/dd)	1959/ 02	1962/ 22+	1975/ 30	1966/ 01	1965/ 17	1965/ 02	1964/ 21	1958/ 03	1958/ 21	1959/ 14	1961/ 02+	1958/ 31
Direction of Maximum Hourly Speed	N	NW	NW	W	W	W	W	W	NW	NW	NW	N
Maximum Gust Speed (km/h)	121	137	108	116	121	137	113	105	109	114	137	122
Date (yyyy/dd)	1962/ 05	1959/ 02	1975/ 30	1959/ 06+	1965/ 16	1969/ 05	1957/ 21	1958/ 03+	1958/ 21+	1976/ 13	1976/ 17	1958/ 31
Direction of Maximum Gust	NW	N	N	NW	SW	W	W	W	NW	NW	NW	N
Days with Winds >= 52 km/h	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.2	2.1	C
Days with Winds >= 63 km/h	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.5	C

Degree Days

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Degree Days
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Above 24 °C	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	A
Above 18 °C	0	0	0	0	1.2	3.7	14.3	9.7	0.5	0	0	0	29.5	A
Above 15 °C	0	0	0	0.1	6.8	21.7	53.2	43.5	5.6	0.3	0	0	131.3	A
Above 10 °C	0	0	0.1	5.1	49.1	116.4	184.6	160.2	50.2	6.1	0	0	571.8	A
Above 5 °C	0	0.2	2.5	44.1	156	262.1	338.9	311.4	156.2	44.2	2	0.2	1317.8	A
Above 0 °C	2.6	6	33.6	147.3	302.6	412.1	493.9	466.2	298.5	143	21.4	5.8	2,333	A
Below 0 °C	355.9	262.3	137.7	18.6	0.9	0	0	0	0.3	23.6	173.3	305.1	1277.6	A
Below 5 °C	508.3	397.6	261.6	65.4	9.3	0	0	0.2	8	79.8	303.9	454.5	2088.5	A
Below 10 °C	663.3	538.5	414.2	176.4	57.4	4.2	0.6	3.9	52.1	196.8	452	609.3	3168.6	A
Below 15 °C	818.3	679.6	569.1	321.4	170.1	59.5	24.3	42.3	157.5	346	601.9	764.3	4554.2	A
Below 18 °C	911.3	764.3	662.1	411.3	257.5	131.6	78.4	101.4	242.4	438.7	691.9	857.3	5548.1	A

Humidex

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Humidex
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Extreme Humidex	10.5	17.3	24.8	28.2	37.0	35.0	38.5	37.1	34.2	27.8	21.7	14.8
Date (yyyy/dd)	1987/ 11	1988/ 26	2004/ 30	1977/ 26+	1986/ 28	1953/ 12	1960/ 30	2008/ 18	2009/ 23	1980/ 03	1975/ 04	1997/ 14
Days with Humidex >= 30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.4	4.0	3.4	0.6	0.0	0.0	0.0	8.6	A
Days with Humidex >= 35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.5	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.7	A
Days with Humidex >= 40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	A

Wind Chill

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Wind Chill
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Extreme Wind Chill (°C)	-60	-54	-50	-39	-21	-7	0	-5	-14	-38	-49	-57
Date (yyyy/dd)	1972/ 26	1978/ 01	1972/ 01	1954/ 02	1954/ 01	1969/ 13	1953/ 01+	1980/ 25	1974/ 30	1991/ 27	1985/ 26	1964/ 15
Days with Wind Chill < -20	17.6	13.0	5.9	0.6	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.6	7.0	16.5	61.2	A
Days with Wind Chill < -30	8.1	4.6	2.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2	1.7	5.9	22.6	A
Days with Wind Chill < -40	2.6	1.2	0.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3	1.7	6.2	A

Humidity

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Humidity
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Average Vapour Pressure (kPa)	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.5	0.7	1	1.3	1.2	0.8	0.5	0.4	0.2	0.6	A
Average Relative Humidity - 0600LST (%)	73.8	75.6	78.9	78.2	76.4	81.8	86.2	87.9	85.2	80.4	79.3	74.5	79.8	A
Average Relative Humidity - 1500LST (%)	65.5	62.8	58.6	43.7	43.2	50.1	51.5	49.9	48	48.6	63.1	65.5	54.2	A

Pressure

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Pressure
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Average Station Pressure (kPa)	90.8	90.9	90.8	90.8	90.9	90.9	91.1	91.1	91.1	90.9	90.7	90.8	90.9	A
Average Sea Level Pressure (kPa)	101.8	101.9	101.7	101.5	101.4	101.4	101.5	101.6	101.7	101.6	101.6	101.8	101.6	A

Visibility (hours with)

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Visibility (hours with)
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
< 1 km	12.3	14.8	15.2	6.7	3.3	1.7	3.9	5.9	3	6.8	11	7.5	92.1	C
1 to 9 km	77	84.7	88.2	45.8	25.1	16	13.8	24.3	20.5	38.3	70.3	67.4	571.3	C
> 9 km	654.6	577.1	640.7	667.5	715.7	702.3	726.4	713.8	696.5	698.9	638.7	669.1	8101.2	C

Cloud Amount (hours with)

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Cloud Amount (hours with)
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
0 to 2 tenths	173	155.1	164.4	154.7	135.2	120	178.2	199	204.2	187	167.5	193.1	2031.4	C
3 to 7 tenths	160.9	148.9	175.3	196.9	215.2	224.8	259.1	228.6	185.2	185	158.5	161.4	2299.8	C
8 to 10 tenths	410.1	372.7	404.3	368.4	393.5	375.2	306.7	316.4	330.6	372	394	389.6	4433.4	C

Frost-Free

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Frost-Free
	Date/Days	Code
Average Date of Last Spring Frost	May 23	C
Average Date of First Fall Frost	Sept 11	C
Average Length of Frost-Free Period	110 Days	C

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Frost-Free
Probability of last temperature in spring <= 0°C, on or after (Date)	10%	25%	33%	50%	66%	75%	90%
Date	Jun 12	Jun 03	May 30	May 24	May 21	May 17	May 12
Probability of first temperature in fall <= 0°C, on or before (Date)	10%	25%	33%	50%	66%	75%	90%
Date	Aug 23	Sep 03	Sep 06	Sep 09	Sep 14	Sep 17	Sep 25
Probability of frost-free period equal to or less than indicated period (Days)	10%	25%	33%	50%	66%	75%	90%
Days	81	94	99	107	112	116	129

Legend

A = WMO "3 and 5 rule" (i.e. no more than 3 consecutive and no more than 5 total missing for either temperature or precipitation)
B = At least 25 years
C = At least 20 years

D = At least 15 years
+ = Most recent occurrence of the extreme value

Station / Element Metadata

Statistics listed below are provided as a guide to determine the validity of Normals and Extremes calculations. For example, a station with 30 years of record between 1981 and 2010 with no missing years would be a more reliable normal than a station with 15 years of record and 2 missing years. Less than 100% possible observations indicates that out of the total number of observations used, some records were missing.

RED DEER A

Province/Territory

Latitude (dd mm):

52 10 N

Country

CAN

Longitude (ddd mm):

113 53 W

Time Zone

MST

Latitude (decimal degrees):

52.18 N

Climate ID:

3025480

Longitude (decimal degrees):

113.89 W

WMO ID:

71878

Elevation (m):

904.6

TC ID:

YQF

Temperature

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Temperature
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Daily Average (°C)	1981	2007	27	1	9790	99.9
Standard Deviation	1981	2007	27	1	9790	99.9
Daily Maximum (°C)	1981	2007	27	1	9791	99.9
Daily Minimum (°C)	1981	2007	27	1	9791	99.9
Extreme Maximum (°C)	1938	2007			25443	99.9
Extreme Minimum (°C)	1938	2007			25447	99.9

Precipitation

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Precipitation
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Rainfall (mm)	1981	2007	27	1	9646	98.5
Snowfall (cm)	1981	2007	27	1	9646	98.5
Precipitation (mm)	1981	2007	27	1	9646	98.5
Average Snow Depth (cm)	1981	2007	27	1	9730	99.3
Median Snow Depth (cm)	1981	2007	27	1	9730	99.3
Snow Depth at Month-end (cm)	1981	2007	27	1	320	99.4
Extreme Daily Rainfall (mm)	1938	2007			25451	99.9
Extreme Daily Snowfall (cm)	1938	2007			25451	99.9
Extreme Daily Precipitation (mm)	1938	2007			25453	99.9
Extreme Snow Depth (cm)	1955	2007			19248	99.8

Days with Maximum Temperature

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days with Maximum Temperature
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
<= 0 °C	1981	2007	27	2	9584	97.8
> 0 °C	1981	2007	27	2	9584	97.8
> 10 °C	1981	2007	27	2	9584	97.8
> 20 °C	1981	2007	27	2	9584	97.8
> 30 °C	1981	2007	27	2	9584	97.8
> 35 °C	1981	2007	27	2	9584	97.8

Days with Minimum Temperature

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days with Minimum Temperature
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
> 0 °C	1981	2007	27	2	9584	97.8
<= 2 °C	1981	2007	27	2	9584	97.8
<= 0 °C	1981	2007	27	2	9584	97.8
< -2 °C	1981	2007	27	2	9584	97.8
< -10 °C	1981	2007	27	2	9584	97.8
< -20 °C	1981	2007	27	2	9584	97.8
< - 30 °C	1981	2007	27	2	9584	97.8

Days with Rainfall

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days with Rainfall
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
>= 0.2 mm	1981	2007	27	1	9646	98.5
>= 5 mm	1981	2007	27	1	9646	98.5
>= 10 mm	1981	2007	27	1	9646	98.5
>= 25 mm	1981	2007	27	1	9646	98.5

Days With Snowfall

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days With Snowfall
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
>= 0.2 cm	1981	2007	27	1	9646	98.5
>= 5 cm	1981	2007	27	1	9646	98.5
>= 10 cm	1981	2007	27	1	9646	98.5
>= 25 cm	1981	2007	27	1	9646	98.5

Days with Precipitation

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days with Precipitation
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
>= 0.2 mm	1981	2007	27	1	9646	98.5
>= 5 mm	1981	2007	27	1	9646	98.5
>= 10 mm	1981	2007	27	1	9646	98.5
>= 25 mm	1981	2007	27	1	9646	98.5

Days with Snow Depth

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days with Snow Depth
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
>= 1 cm	1981	2007	27	1	9618	98.1
>= 5 cm	1981	2007	27	1	9618	98.1
>= 10 cm	1981	2007	27	1	9618	98.1
>= 20 cm	1981	2007	27	1	9618	98.1

Wind

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Wind
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Speed (km/h)	1981	2010	30	0	262825	100
Most Frequent Direction	1981	2010	30	0	262825	100
Maximum Hourly Speed (km/h)	1953	2010			507828	99.9
Maximum Gust Speed (km/h)	1955	2002			16485	99.2
Days with Winds >= 52 km/h	1981	2002	22	1	7759	97
Days with Winds >= 63 km/h	1981	2002	22	1	7759	97

Degree Days

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Degree Days
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Above 24 °C	1981	2007	27	2	9554	97.5
Above 18 °C	1981	2007	27	2	9554	97.5
Above 15 °C	1981	2007	27	2	9554	97.5
Above 10 °C	1981	2007	27	2	9554	97.5
Above 5 °C	1981	2007	27	2	9554	97.5
Above 0 °C	1981	2007	27	2	9554	97.5
Below 0 °C	1981	2007	27	2	9554	97.5
Below 5 °C	1981	2007	27	2	9554	97.5
Below 10 °C	1981	2007	27	2	9554	97.5
Below 15 °C	1981	2007	27	2	9554	97.5
Below 18 °C	1981	2007	27	2	9554	97.5

Humidex

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Humidex
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Extreme Humidex	1953	2010			499483	98.3
Days with Humidex >= 30	1981	2010	30	0	262784	99.9
Days with Humidex >= 35	1981	2010	30	0	262784	99.9
Days with Humidex >= 40	1981	2010	30	0	262784	99.9

Wind Chill

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Wind Chill
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Extreme Wind Chill (°C)	1953	2010			507815	99.9
Days with Wind Chill < -20	1981	2010	30	0	262813	99.9
Days with Wind Chill < -30	1981	2010	30	0	262813	99.9
Days with Wind Chill < -40	1981	2010	30	0	262813	99.9

Humidity

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Humidity
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Average Vapour Pressure (kPa)	1981	2010	30	0	262784	99.9
Average Relative Humidity - 0600LST (%)	1981	2010	30	0	10948	99.9
Average Relative Humidity - 1500LST (%)	1981	2010	30	0	10952	100

Pressure

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Pressure
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Average Station Pressure (kPa)	1981	2010	30	0	262818	99.9
Average Sea Level Pressure (kPa)	1981	2010	30	0	262815	99.9

Visibility (hours with)

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Visibility (hours with)
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
< 1 km	1981	2010	28	4	225600	85.8
1 to 9 km	1981	2010	28	4	225600	85.8
> 9 km	1981	2010	28	4	225600	85.8

Cloud Amount (hours with)

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Cloud Amount (hours with)
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
0 to 2 tenths	1981	2010	28	4	225600	85.8
3 to 7 tenths	1981	2010	28	4	225600	85.8
8 to 10 tenths	1981	2010	28	4	225600	85.8

Frost-Free

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Frost-Free
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Average Date of Last Spring Frost	1981	2006	23	3	23	88.5
Average Date of First Fall Frost	1981	2006	23	3	23	88.5
Average Length of Frost-Free Period	1981	2006	23	3	23	88.5
Probability of last temperature in spring <= 0°C, on or after (Date)
10 %	1939	2006			63	92.6
25 %	1939	2006			63	92.6
33 %	1939	2006			63	92.6
50 %	1939	2006			63	92.6
66 %	1939	2006			63	92.6
75 %	1939	2006			63	92.6
90 %	1939	2006			63	92.6
Probability of first temperature in fall <= 0°C, on or before (Date)
10 %	1939	2006			63	92.6
25 %	1939	2006			63	92.6
33 %	1939	2006			63	92.6
50 %	1939	2006			63	92.6
66 %	1939	2006			63	92.6
75 %	1939	2006			63	92.6
90 %	1939	2006			63	92.6
Probability of frost-free period equal to or less than indicated period (Days)
10 %	1939	2006			63	92.6
25 %	1939	2006			63	92.6
33 %	1939	2006			63	92.6
50 %	1939	2006			63	92.6
66 %	1939	2006			63	92.6
75 %	1939	2006			63	92.6
90 %	1939	2006			63	92.6

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Date modified:: 2024-10-01

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Canadian Climate Normals 1981-2010 Station Data

Temperature and Precipitation Graph for 1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals
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Canadian Climate Normals 1981-2010 Station Data

Temperature and Precipitation Graph for 1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate NormalsRED DEER A

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Temperature and Precipitation Graph for 1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals
RED DEER A