Canadian Climate Normals 1981-2010 Station Data

Temperature and Precipitation Graph

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Temperature and Precipitation Graph for 1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals
KUGLUKTUK A

Symbol	Description
	Daily Maximum Temperature (°C)
	Daily Average Temperature (°C)
	Daily Minimum Temperature (°C)
	Precipitation (mm)

Normals Data

The minimum number of years used to calculate these Normals is indicated by a code for each element. A "+" beside an extreme date indicates that this date is the first occurrence of the extreme value. Values and dates in bold indicate all-time extremes for the location.

Data used in the calculation of these Normals may be subject to further quality assurance checks. This may result in minor changes to some values presented here.

KUGLUKTUK A *
NUNAVUT

67°49'00.000" N

115°08'38.000" W

22.60 m

2300902

71938

YCO

* This station meets WMO standards for temperature and precipitation.

Temperature

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Temperature
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Daily Average (°C)	-27.3	-27.7	-25.3	-16.3	-5.3	5.5	10.9	9.0	3.3	-6.6	-18.7	-24.5	-10.3	A
Standard Deviation	3.6	3.7	3.1	3.4	3.0	1.7	1.8	1.7	1.7	1.8	4.0	3.4	1.4	A
Daily Maximum (°C)	-23.2	-23.4	-20.7	-11.4	-1.3	9.9	15.6	13.1	6.5	-3.5	-14.8	-20.3	-6.1	A
Daily Minimum (°C)	-31.4	-32.0	-29.8	-21.2	-9.2	1.0	6.1	4.8	0.1	-9.8	-22.6	-28.6	-14.4	A
Extreme Maximum (°C)	0.8	-1.2	-0.1	9.8	19.8	31.1	34.9	29.2	22.6	13.8	2.8	-0.5
Date (yyyy/dd)	1981/ 16	1980/ 07	1999/ 22	2010/ 22	1994/ 24	1996/ 25	1989/ 15	2000/ 01	1994/ 01	2003/ 01	1983/ 03	2006/ 10
Extreme Minimum (°C)	-47.3	-47.2	-47.0	-40.2	-30.2	-12.1	-0.8	-4.4	-18.9	-35.4	-41.0	-44.5
Date (yyyy/dd)	2004/ 15	1998/ 20	1979/ 05	2008/ 02	1983/ 03	2000/ 01	2002/ 30	1995/ 29	2000/ 26	1996/ 29	1985/ 24	1977/ 12

Precipitation

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Precipitation
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Rainfall (mm)	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	4.3	14.6	44.4	44.9	31.4	4.7	0.0	0.0	144.5	A
Snowfall (cm)	19.6	16.3	19.4	18.2	16.2	2.1	0.0	0.2	7.7	35.0	25.5	21.9	182.1	A
Precipitation (mm)	10.4	8.4	9.9	10.0	14.6	16.6	44.5	45.1	37.8	26.5	13.0	10.4	247.2	A
Average Snow Depth (cm)	31	35	39	40	24	2	0	0	0	8	19	26	19	A
Median Snow Depth (cm)	31	35	39	41	23	1	0	0	0	8	18	26	18	A
Snow Depth at Month-end (cm)	32	37	41	36	11	0	0	0	2	15	23	30	19	A
Extreme Daily Rainfall (mm)	2.0	0.0	0.0	7.4	20.6	27.4	118.3	53.7	28.8	19.3	0.2	0.4
Date (yyyy/dd)	2003/ 05	1978/ 06+	1978/ 01+	1980/ 27	1992/ 27	1987/ 13	2007/ 21	1982/ 12	1983/ 07	1980/ 08	2000/ 02	2005/ 30
Extreme Daily Snowfall (cm)	26.2	24.6	10.6	19.6	21.2	13.0	0.4	5.0	13.5	23.0	12.4	26.0
Date (yyyy/dd)	1988/ 01	1981/ 21	2008/ 08	2008/ 10	2004/ 09	1991/ 05	1985/ 07	1986/ 23	1981/ 22	1981/ 29	1981/ 06	1994/ 25
Extreme Daily Precipitation (mm)	25.8	9.1	8.0	16.0	21.8	27.4	118.3	53.7	28.8	23.0	12.4	14.8
Date (yyyy/dd)	1988/ 01	1981/ 21	2010/ 07	1980/ 30	1978/ 25	1987/ 13	2007/ 21	1982/ 12	1983/ 07	1981/ 29	1981/ 06	1994/ 25
Extreme Snow Depth (cm)	80	92	104	107	128	64	3	0	23	43	49	73
Date (yyyy/dd)	1993/ 30+	1993/ 22+	1991/ 31	1991/ 03+	1993/ 08	1993/ 01	1986/ 01+	1978/ 01+	1981/ 24	1995/ 29	1992/ 30	1994/ 26+

Days with Maximum Temperature

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Maximum Temperature
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
<= 0 °C	30.9	28.2	31.0	27.9	18.3	0.43	0.0	0.0	1.9	23.1	29.6	31.0	222.5	A
> 0 °C	0.07	0.0	0.0	2.1	12.7	29.6	31.0	31.0	28.1	7.9	0.36	0.0	142.8	A
> 10 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.93	12.6	25.9	21.3	6.2	0.21	0.0	0.0	67.1	A
> 20 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.7	6.5	3.7	0.34	0.0	0.0	0.0	13.3	A
> 30 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.07	0.23	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.30	A
> 35 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	A

Days with Minimum Temperature

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Minimum Temperature
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
> 0 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0	18.6	30.9	28.8	15.2	0.97	0.0	0.0	95.6	A
<= 2 °C	31.0	28.2	31.0	30.0	30.7	20.1	2.2	6.0	21.4	30.9	30.0	31.0	292.5	A
<= 0 °C	31.0	28.2	31.0	30.0	30.0	11.4	0.07	2.2	14.8	30.0	30.0	31.0	269.6	A
< -2 °C	31.0	28.2	31.0	29.9	27.0	4.3	0.0	0.33	7.4	27.7	30.0	31.0	247.9	A
< -10 °C	30.9	28.2	30.9	27.3	13.2	0.03	0.0	0.0	0.28	13.9	28.6	30.9	204.3	A
< -20 °C	28.4	26.9	28.4	17.4	1.6	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.3	18.6	26.9	150.5	A
< - 30 °C	19.0	18.6	16.5	3.9	0.03	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.14	5.2	14.4	77.7	A

Days with Rainfall

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Rainfall
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
>= 0.2 mm	0.03	0.0	0.0	0.21	1.9	6.8	11.5	13.1	10.5	2.3	0.03	0.03	46.4	A
>= 5 mm	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.21	0.70	2.8	2.6	1.9	0.27	0.0	0.0	8.5	A
>= 10 mm	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.10	0.20	1.0	0.97	0.62	0.03	0.0	0.0	2.9	A
>= 25 mm	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.03	0.10	0.20	0.03	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.36	A

Days With Snowfall

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days With Snowfall
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
>= 0.2 cm	10.5	10.1	11.6	9.5	7.2	1.3	0.07	0.20	3.7	14.5	13.4	11.6	93.6	A
>= 5 cm	0.77	0.57	0.57	0.79	0.79	0.13	0.0	0.03	0.41	2.1	1.3	0.97	8.4	A
>= 10 cm	0.17	0.03	0.03	0.10	0.14	0.03	0.0	0.0	0.10	0.50	0.27	0.23	1.6	A
>= 25 cm	0.03	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.03	0.06	A

Days with Precipitation

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Precipitation
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
>= 0.2 mm	8.9	8.7	10.0	8.2	7.5	7.6	11.5	13.3	12.8	14.3	11.1	9.7	123.4	A
>= 5 mm	0.27	0.13	0.17	0.24	0.62	0.87	2.8	2.7	2.3	1.4	0.27	0.27	12.1	A
>= 10 mm	0.07	0.0	0.0	0.03	0.21	0.23	1.0	0.97	0.69	0.20	0.03	0.07	3.5	A
>= 25 mm	0.03	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.03	0.10	0.20	0.03	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.39	A

Days with Snow Depth

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Snow Depth
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
>= 1 cm	31.0	28.2	31.0	29.9	29.2	7.1	0.53	0.0	2.4	25.1	29.9	31.0	245.3	A
>= 5 cm	31.0	28.2	31.0	29.8	25.5	4.9	0.0	0.0	0.75	17.5	29.2	31.0	228.7	A
>= 10 cm	31.0	28.2	31.0	29.7	21.8	2.2	0.0	0.0	0.36	9.9	25.0	30.4	209.6	A
>= 20 cm	23.2	24.4	26.2	24.5	14.0	0.67	0.0	0.0	0.11	3.3	12.3	19.9	148.6	A

Wind

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Wind
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Speed (km/h)	18.3	17.0	15.3	12.9	13.6	13.3	13.7	14.8	16.0	16.9	16.6	17.0	15.4	A
Most Frequent Direction	SW	SW	SW	SW	E	E	N	E	E	SW	SW	SW	SW	A
Maximum Hourly Speed (km/h)	93	76	83	72	74	61	67	74	74	80	83	93
Date (yyyy/dd)	1988/ 01	1978/ 08+	1980/ 03	1984/ 16	1986/ 28	1995/ 26	1991/ 25	1986/ 22+	2002/ 24	1982/ 27	1994/ 19	1983/ 25
Direction of Maximum Hourly Speed	NW	S	NW	E	NW	NW	N	N	N	NW	NW	NW
Maximum Gust Speed (km/h)	106	106	106	83	89	80	81	83	89	89	100	104
Date (yyyy/dd)	1988/ 01	1978/ 06	1980/ 03	1984/ 16	1986/ 28	2004/ 19	1988/ 23	1984/ 10+	2002/ 24	1982/ 27	1994/ 05	1983/ 26
Direction of Maximum Gust	NW	SW	NW	E	NW	NW	NW	N	NW	NW	NW	N
Days with Winds >= 52 km/h	1.6	2.1	1.5	0.8	0.7	0.2	0.2	0.8	1.2	1.4	1.3	1.6	13.5	A
Days with Winds >= 63 km/h	0.4	0.7	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.4	0.5	0.3	0.5	3.8	A

Degree Days

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Degree Days
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Above 24 °C	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	A
Above 18 °C	0	0	0	0	0	0.5	2.9	0.7	0	0	0	0	4.1	A
Above 15 °C	0	0	0	0	0	1.9	12.7	5.3	0.1	0	0	0	20	A
Above 10 °C	0	0	0	0	0.1	15	63.6	35.2	3.4	0	0	0	117.2	A
Above 5 °C	0	0	0	0	1.8	60.7	183.6	129.9	26.5	0.4	0	0	402.9	A
Above 0 °C	0	0	0	0.5	14.6	168.3	337.3	278.2	111.3	6.2	0	0	916.5	A
Below 0 °C	839.8	790.9	782.7	490.6	177.8	3.3	0	0	12.1	210.5	555.3	758.4	4621.3	A
Below 5 °C	994.8	932.1	937.7	640.1	320	45.6	1.3	6.7	77.3	359.7	705.3	913.4	5933.9	A
Below 10 °C	1149.8	1073.3	1092.7	790.1	473.3	149.9	36.3	67	204.2	514.3	855.3	1068.4	7474.4	A
Below 15 °C	1304.8	1214.5	1247.7	940.1	628.2	286.9	140.4	192.2	350.8	669.3	1005.3	1223.4	9203.4	A
Below 18 °C	1397.8	1299.2	1340.7	1030.1	721.2	375.4	223.6	280.5	440.8	762.3	1095.3	1316.4	10283.3	A

Bright Sunshine

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Bright Sunshine
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Extreme Daily	5.4	8.8	12.9	17.2	22.9	24.0	24.0	19.1	15.0	10.5	6.4	1.0
Date (yyyy/dd)	2002/ 28	2004/ 29	1997/ 28	1994/ 28	1985/ 31	1981/ 09+	1982/ 05+	1987/ 01	2003/ 01	1988/ 02	2000/ 05	1981/ 01

Humidex

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Humidex
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Extreme Humidex	0.3	-1.7	-0.3	8.9	19.8	30.3	36.8	36.8	25.8	13.1	2.2	-1.5
Date (yyyy/dd)	1981/ 16	1980/ 07	1999/ 22	2010/ 22	1994/ 24	1996/ 25	1989/ 15	1992/ 02	2003/ 03	2003/ 01	1983/ 03	1999/ 24
Days with Humidex >= 30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.5	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.7	D
Days with Humidex >= 35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	D
Days with Humidex >= 40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	D

Wind Chill

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Wind Chill
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Extreme Wind Chill (°C)	-64	-64	-65	-54	-40	-16	-6	-12	-23	-47	-54	-62
Date (yyyy/dd)	1990/ 26	1985/ 21	1979/ 05	1979/ 04	1983/ 04	1978/ 09	2002/ 30	1995/ 29	1992/ 25	1996/ 27	1985/ 25	1984/ 09
Days with Wind Chill < -20	30.6	28.1	30.4	24.4	7.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	9.3	27.3	30.6	188.6	A
Days with Wind Chill < -30	28.1	25.6	26.9	13.3	0.9	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.7	17.2	26.1	139.8	A
Days with Wind Chill < -40	21.3	19.2	16.9	3.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	6.3	15.7	82.9	A

Humidity

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Humidity
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Average Vapour Pressure (kPa)	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.4	0.7	1	0.9	0.7	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.4	D
Average Relative Humidity - 1500LST (%)	76.7	75.1	77.5	82.3	83.1	70.2	64.8	69.8	75.5	84.7	80.9	77.8	76.5	D

Pressure

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Pressure
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Average Station Pressure (kPa)	101.6	101.8	101.8	101.8	101.7	101.3	101	101	101	101.1	101.3	101.4	101.4	A
Average Sea Level Pressure (kPa)	101.9	102.1	102.1	102.1	102	101.5	101.3	101.3	101.3	101.4	101.6	101.7	101.7	A

Visibility (hours with)

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Visibility (hours with)
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
< 1 km	18.1	21.9	16.5	19	24.8	9.7	11.7	7.7	7	8.7	11.4	17.1	173.3	D
1 to 9 km	138.9	123.1	131.2	93.1	69.2	24.2	26	32.2	46.8	110.4	101.8	118.3	1015.3	D
> 9 km	587	532.7	596.2	608	650	686.2	706.3	704.1	666.2	624.9	606.8	608.6	7577.1	D

Cloud Amount (hours with)

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Cloud Amount (hours with)
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
0 to 2 tenths	287.4	259	273	236.9	168.1	174	139.8	103.7	80.2	95.8	174.8	260.8	2253.5	D
3 to 7 tenths	132.7	124.6	135.3	123.9	112.1	153.9	176	145.2	107.3	82.6	128.4	132.2	1,554	D
8 to 10 tenths	324	294.1	335.7	359.3	463.9	392.2	428.2	495	532.5	565.6	416.8	351.1	4958.2	D

Frost-Free

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Frost-Free
	Date/Days	Code
Average Date of Last Spring Frost	Jun 20	A
Average Date of First Fall Frost	Aug 24	A
Average Length of Frost-Free Period	64 Days	A

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Frost-Free
Probability of last temperature in spring <= 0°C, on or after (Date)	10%	25%	33%	50%	66%	75%	90%
Date	Jun 27	Jun 24	Jun 23	Jun 20	Jun 18	Jun 17	Jun 13
Probability of first temperature in fall <= 0°C, on or before (Date)	10%	25%	33%	50%	66%	75%	90%
Date	Aug 06	Aug 17	Aug 19	Aug 22	Aug 29	Aug 31	Sep 09
Probability of frost-free period equal to or less than indicated period (Days)	10%	25%	33%	50%	66%	75%	90%
Days	42	52	53	61	72	76	88

Legend

A = WMO "3 and 5 rule" (i.e. no more than 3 consecutive and no more than 5 total missing for either temperature or precipitation)
B = At least 25 years
C = At least 20 years

D = At least 15 years
+ = Most recent occurrence of the extreme value

Station / Element Metadata

Statistics listed below are provided as a guide to determine the validity of Normals and Extremes calculations. For example, a station with 30 years of record between 1981 and 2010 with no missing years would be a more reliable normal than a station with 15 years of record and 2 missing years. Less than 100% possible observations indicates that out of the total number of observations used, some records were missing.

KUGLUKTUK A

Province/Territory

Latitude (dd mm):

67 49 N

Country

CAN

Longitude (ddd mm):

115 08 W

Time Zone

MST

Latitude (decimal degrees):

67.82 N

Climate ID:

2300902

Longitude (decimal degrees):

115.14 W

WMO ID:

71938

Elevation (m):

22.601

TC ID:

YCO

Temperature

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Temperature
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Daily Average (°C)	1981	2010	30	0	10945	99.9
Standard Deviation	1981	2010	30	0	10945	99.9
Daily Maximum (°C)	1981	2010	30	0	10945	99.9
Daily Minimum (°C)	1981	2010	30	0	10949	99.9
Extreme Maximum (°C)	1977	2010			12010	99.9
Extreme Minimum (°C)	1977	2010			12014	99.9

Precipitation

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Precipitation
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Rainfall (mm)	1981	2010	30	1	10866	99.2
Snowfall (cm)	1981	2010	30	1	10866	99.2
Precipitation (mm)	1981	2010	30	1	10866	99.2
Average Snow Depth (cm)	1981	2010	30	0	10949	99.9
Median Snow Depth (cm)	1981	2010	30	0	10949	99.9
Snow Depth at Month-end (cm)	1981	2010	30	1	358	99.5
Extreme Daily Rainfall (mm)	1977	2010			12019	100
Extreme Daily Snowfall (cm)	1977	2010			12019	100
Extreme Daily Precipitation (mm)	1977	2010			12019	100
Extreme Snow Depth (cm)	1977	2010			12014	99.9

Days with Maximum Temperature

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days with Maximum Temperature
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
<= 0 °C	1981	2010	30	1	10715	97.8
> 0 °C	1981	2010	30	1	10715	97.8
> 10 °C	1981	2010	30	1	10715	97.8
> 20 °C	1981	2010	30	1	10715	97.8
> 30 °C	1981	2010	30	1	10715	97.8
> 35 °C	1981	2010	30	1	10715	97.8

Days with Minimum Temperature

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days with Minimum Temperature
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
> 0 °C	1981	2010	30	1	10775	98.3
<= 2 °C	1981	2010	30	1	10775	98.3
<= 0 °C	1981	2010	30	1	10775	98.3
< -2 °C	1981	2010	30	1	10775	98.3
< -10 °C	1981	2010	30	1	10775	98.3
< -20 °C	1981	2010	30	1	10775	98.3
< - 30 °C	1981	2010	30	1	10775	98.3

Days with Rainfall

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days with Rainfall
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
>= 0.2 mm	1981	2010	30	1	10866	99.2
>= 5 mm	1981	2010	30	1	10866	99.2
>= 10 mm	1981	2010	30	1	10866	99.2
>= 25 mm	1981	2010	30	1	10866	99.2

Days With Snowfall

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days With Snowfall
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
>= 0.2 cm	1981	2010	30	1	10866	99.2
>= 5 cm	1981	2010	30	1	10866	99.2
>= 10 cm	1981	2010	30	1	10866	99.2
>= 25 cm	1981	2010	30	1	10866	99.2

Days with Precipitation

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days with Precipitation
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
>= 0.2 mm	1981	2010	30	1	10866	99.2
>= 5 mm	1981	2010	30	1	10866	99.2
>= 10 mm	1981	2010	30	1	10866	99.2
>= 25 mm	1981	2010	30	1	10866	99.2

Days with Snow Depth

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days with Snow Depth
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
>= 1 cm	1981	2010	30	2	10711	97.8
>= 5 cm	1981	2010	30	2	10711	97.8
>= 10 cm	1981	2010	30	2	10711	97.8
>= 20 cm	1981	2010	30	2	10711	97.8

Wind

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Wind
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Speed (km/h)	1981	2010	30	0	262053	99.7
Most Frequent Direction	1981	2010	30	0	262055	99.7
Maximum Hourly Speed (km/h)	1978	2010			286865	99.7
Maximum Gust Speed (km/h)	1978	2010			11664	98
Days with Winds >= 52 km/h	1981	2010	30	2	10714	98.1
Days with Winds >= 63 km/h	1981	2010	30	2	10714	98.1

Degree Days

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Degree Days
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Above 24 °C	1981	2010	30	1	10715	97.8
Above 18 °C	1981	2010	30	1	10715	97.8
Above 15 °C	1981	2010	30	1	10715	97.8
Above 10 °C	1981	2010	30	1	10715	97.8
Above 5 °C	1981	2010	30	1	10715	97.8
Above 0 °C	1981	2010	30	1	10715	97.8
Below 0 °C	1981	2010	30	1	10715	97.8
Below 5 °C	1981	2010	30	1	10715	97.8
Below 10 °C	1981	2010	30	1	10715	97.8
Below 15 °C	1981	2010	30	1	10715	97.8
Below 18 °C	1981	2010	30	1	10715	97.8

Bright Sunshine

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Bright Sunshine
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Extreme Daily	1978	2005			219109	93.9

Humidex

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Humidex
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Extreme Humidex	1978	2010			280341	97.4
Days with Humidex >= 30	1981	2010	30	4	236466	89.7
Days with Humidex >= 35	1981	2010	30	4	236466	89.7
Days with Humidex >= 40	1981	2010	30	4	236466	89.7

Wind Chill

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Wind Chill
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Extreme Wind Chill (°C)	1978	2010			286831	99.7
Days with Wind Chill < -20	1981	2010	30	0	262019	99.6
Days with Wind Chill < -30	1981	2010	30	0	262019	99.6
Days with Wind Chill < -40	1981	2010	30	0	262019	99.6

Humidity

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Humidity
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Average Vapour Pressure (kPa)	1981	2010	30	4	236466	89.7
Average Relative Humidity - 1500LST (%)	1981	2010	30	3	10146	92.5

Pressure

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Pressure
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Average Station Pressure (kPa)	1981	2010	30	1	261385	99.4
Average Sea Level Pressure (kPa)	1981	2010	30	1	259870	98.8

Visibility (hours with)

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Visibility (hours with)
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
< 1 km	1981	2010	23	9	185568	70.6
1 to 9 km	1981	2010	23	9	185568	70.6
> 9 km	1981	2010	23	9	185568	70.6

Cloud Amount (hours with)

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Cloud Amount (hours with)
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
0 to 2 tenths	1981	2010	23	9	185568	70.6
3 to 7 tenths	1981	2010	23	9	185568	70.6
8 to 10 tenths	1981	2010	23	9	185568	70.6

Frost-Free

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Frost-Free
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Average Date of Last Spring Frost	1981	2010	25	3	25	83.3
Average Date of First Fall Frost	1981	2010	25	3	25	83.3
Average Length of Frost-Free Period	1981	2010	25	3	25	83.3
Probability of last temperature in spring <= 0°C, on or after (Date)
10 %	1978	2010			27	81.8
25 %	1978	2010			27	81.8
33 %	1978	2010			27	81.8
50 %	1978	2010			27	81.8
66 %	1978	2010			27	81.8
75 %	1978	2010			27	81.8
90 %	1978	2010			27	81.8
Probability of first temperature in fall <= 0°C, on or before (Date)
10 %	1978	2010			27	81.8
25 %	1978	2010			27	81.8
33 %	1978	2010			27	81.8
50 %	1978	2010			27	81.8
66 %	1978	2010			27	81.8
75 %	1978	2010			27	81.8
90 %	1978	2010			27	81.8
Probability of frost-free period equal to or less than indicated period (Days)
10 %	1978	2010			27	81.8
25 %	1978	2010			27	81.8
33 %	1978	2010			27	81.8
50 %	1978	2010			27	81.8
66 %	1978	2010			27	81.8
75 %	1978	2010			27	81.8
90 %	1978	2010			27	81.8

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Canadian Climate Normals 1981-2010 Station Data

Temperature and Precipitation Graph for 1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals
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Canadian Climate Normals 1981-2010 Station Data

Temperature and Precipitation Graph for 1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate NormalsKUGLUKTUK A

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Temperature and Precipitation Graph for 1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals
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