Canadian Climate Normals 1991-2020 Data

Temperature and Precipitation Graph

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Temperature and Precipitation Graph for 1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals
VICTORIA (AIRPORT)

Symbol	Description
	Daily Maximum Temperature (°C)
	Daily Average Temperature (°C)
	Daily Minimum Temperature (°C)
	Precipitation (mm)

Normals Data

The minimum number of years used to calculate these Normals is indicated by a code for each element. A "+" beside an extreme date indicates that this date is the first occurrence of the extreme value. Values and dates in bold indicate all-time extremes at the location for that reporting period. Normal period extremes (NPE) are calculated for the 30-year normal period, whereas long-term extremes (LTE) extend further back in time to the earliest date available in the data series.

Data used in the calculation of these Normals may be subject to further quality assurance checks. This may result in minor changes to some values presented here.

VICTORIA (AIRPORT)
BRITISH COLUMBIA

Temperature

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Temperature
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Daily Average (°C)	4.6	5.0	6.8	9.1	12.6	15.2	17.2	17.1	14.5	10.2	6.5	4.4	10.3	A
Standard Deviation	1.3	1.5	1.1	1.0	1.2	1.0	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.8	1.1	1.2	0.7	A
Daily Maximum (°C)	7.5	8.7	10.8	13.7	17.5	20.2	22.7	22.6	19.7	14.3	9.9	7.3	14.6	A
Daily Minimum (°C)	1.6	1.4	2.7	4.6	7.6	10.1	11.7	11.6	9.2	6.0	3.0	1.5	5.9	A

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Temperature Extremes (Normal Period)
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Maximum Daily Mean (°C)	12.4	11.6	12.9	17.6	20.2	24.0	26.7	25.0	22.8	16.7	14.5	11.9
Date (yyyy/dd)	2002/ 07+	2015/ 06	1994/ 28	1998/ 30	2005/ 27	2003/ 06	2007/ 11	2016/ 19	2017/ 04	2014/ 05	2018/ 02	1997/ 29+
Minimum Daily Mean (°C)	-5.7	-3.9	-1.3	2.8	5.8	8.3	11.7	11.0	8.5	2.2	-7.2	-5.3
Date (yyyy/dd)	1996/ 29	2011/ 25	2002/ 07	2008/ 01	2002/ 06	1991/ 03	2010/ 01	1996/ 27	2007/ 29	1991/ 28	2006/ 28	2008/ 20
Extreme Maximum (°C)	16.1	17.1	21.4	26.3	29.2	33.5	36.3	33.4	31.2	23.8	17.9	15.7
Date (yyyy/dd)	2005/ 19	1991/ 26	1994/ 28+	1998/ 30	2005/ 27	2003/ 06	2007/ 11	2010/ 14	2017/ 04	2012/ 01	2014/ 06	2014/ 09
Minimum Daily Maximum (°C)	-4.0	-1.1	0.1	5.4	9.7	11.3	14.6	12.1	12.4	3.7	-4.0	-3.2
Date (yyyy/dd)	1996/ 29	2019/ 11	2002/ 07	2009/ 01	1999/ 17	2008/ 09	1999/ 02+	1996/ 27	2007/ 24	1991/ 28	2006/ 28	2008/ 20
Maximum Daily Minimum (°C)	9.9	9.5	9.9	11.4	13.3	16.4	19.6	17.6	14.7	13.1	11.6	10.1
Date (yyyy/dd)	2003/ 26	2015/ 06	2015/ 26+	1992/ 26	1997/ 28	2015/ 29	2007/ 10	2016/ 19	2010/ 17	2014/ 05	2018/ 02	1997/ 29
Extreme Minimum (°C)	-9.0	-7.9	-4.5	-2.9	0.7	2.1	6.7	6.7	1.4	-3.1	-10.5	-9.8
Date (yyyy/dd)	2007/ 12	1993/ 24+	2019/ 06	2008/ 01	2002/ 03	1991/ 03	2012/ 04	1993/ 25+	1992/ 16	2002/ 31	2006/ 29+	2013/ 07

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Temperature Extremes (Long-Term)
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Maximum Daily Mean (°C)	12.4	12.4	13.1	17.6	22.6	25.3	26.7	25.0	22.8	18.0	14.5	12.5
Date (yyyy/dd)	2002/ 07+	1986/ 24	1941/ 28	1998/ 30	1983/ 29	1944/ 09	1941/ 16+	1960/ 09+	2017/ 04	1987/ 01	2018/ 02	1958/ 02
Minimum Daily Mean (°C)	-12.2	-10.4	-3.9	2.2	4.7	7.0	9.9	10.9	5.0	-0.8	-10.2	-13.1
Date (yyyy/dd)	1950/ 13	1989/ 02	1955/ 04	1956/ 05	1965/ 05	1976/ 01	1979/ 02	1969/ 29	1972/ 27	1984/ 31	1985/ 27	1968/ 29
Extreme Maximum (°C)	16.1	18.3	21.4	26.3	31.5	33.5	36.3	34.4	31.2	27.6	18.3	16.1
Date (yyyy/dd)	2005/ 19	1963/ 10	1994/ 28+	1998/ 30	1983/ 28	2003/ 06	2007/ 11	1960/ 09	2017/ 04	1987/ 01	1975/ 03	1940/ 21+
Minimum Daily Maximum (°C)	-11.1	-8.9	-1.7	5.4	8.9	11.1	13.3	12.1	10.0	1.5	-8.1	-11.7
Date (yyyy/dd)	1950/ 13	1989/ 02	1951/ 05+	2009/ 01	1961/ 04	1952/ 11	1966/ 02	1996/ 27	1972/ 28	1984/ 31	1985/ 27	1968/ 29
Maximum Daily Minimum (°C)	9.9	9.5	9.9	11.4	15.0	18.3	19.6	17.6	15.0	13.3	12.4	10.2
Date (yyyy/dd)	2003/ 26	2015/ 06	2015/ 26+	1992/ 26	1983/ 29	1944/ 09	2007/ 10	2016/ 19	1940/ 08	1940/ 20	1989/ 09	1980/ 26
Extreme Minimum (°C)	-15.6	-15.0	-10.0	-3.9	-1.1	2.1	4.1	4.4	-1.1	-4.4	-13.3	-14.4
Date (yyyy/dd)	1950/ 28	1950/ 01	1989/ 03	1956/ 05	1954/ 01	1991/ 03	1979/ 02	1973/ 18	1972/ 27	1956/ 28	1955/ 14+	1964/ 16+

Precipitation

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Precipitation
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Rainfall (mm)	144.2	78.5	76.3	47.7	36.5	29.2	19.5	24.2	35.7	95.9	141.8	137.0	866.6	C
Snowfall (cm)	11.2	7.1	3.7	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2	3.6	12.4	38.6	C
Precipitation (mm)	155.3	84.5	79.9	48.2	36.5	29.2	19.5	24.2	35.7	96.1	146.0	146.1	901.2	C
Average Snow Depth (cm)	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	C
Median Snow Depth (cm)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	C
Snow Depth at Month-end (cm)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	3	0	C

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Precipitation Extremes (Normal Period)
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Extreme Daily Rainfall (mm)	54.2	69.8	50.6	53.2	30.0	20.6	50.0	41.7	36.0	136.0	54.8	80.6
Date (yyyy/dd)	1992/ 23	2002/ 21	2007/ 11	1991/ 03	2011/ 15	1992/ 29	1993/ 20	1995/ 06	2013/ 28	2003/ 16	1995/ 07	2007/ 03
Extreme Daily Snowfall (cm)	23.4	26.4	13.6	8.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4.6	15.9	64.5
Date (yyyy/dd)	2005/ 07	2019/ 11	1991/ 01	2008/ 19	1991/ 01+	1991/ 01+	1991/ 01+	1991/ 01+	1991/ 01+	1991/ 28	2006/ 27	1996/ 29
Extreme Daily Precipitation (mm)	54.2	69.8	50.6	53.2	30.0	20.6	50.0	41.7	36.0	136.0	54.8	81.1
Date (yyyy/dd)	1992/ 23	2002/ 21	2007/ 11	1991/ 03	2011/ 15	1992/ 29	1993/ 20	1995/ 06	2013/ 28	2003/ 16	1995/ 07	1996/ 29
Extreme Snow Depth (cm)	34	47	12	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	19	67
Date (yyyy/dd)	2005/ 09	2019/ 12	1991/ 02	1991/ 01+	1991/ 01+	1991/ 01+	1991/ 01+	1991/ 01+	1991/ 01+	1991/ 29+	2006/ 27	1996/ 30

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Precipitation Extremes (Long-Term)
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Extreme Daily Rainfall (mm)	92.8	69.8	53.6	53.2	38.1	40.9	50.0	41.7	45.2	136.0	68.3	80.6
Date (yyyy/dd)	1986/ 18	2002/ 21	1948/ 21	1991/ 03	1948/ 27	1955/ 22	1993/ 20	1995/ 06	1983/ 01	2003/ 16	1955/ 02	2007/ 03
Extreme Daily Snowfall (cm)	29.2	26.4	21.3	8.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4.6	16.4	64.5
Date (yyyy/dd)	1971/ 13	2019/ 11	1960/ 03	2008/ 19	1941/ 01+	1941/ 01+	1940/ 01+	1940/ 01+	1940/ 01+	1991/ 28	1985/ 26	1996/ 29
Extreme Daily Precipitation (mm)	92.8	69.8	54.1	53.2	38.1	40.9	50.0	41.7	45.2	136.0	68.3	81.1
Date (yyyy/dd)	1986/ 18	2002/ 21	1948/ 21	1991/ 03	1948/ 27	1955/ 22	1993/ 20	1995/ 06	1983/ 01	2003/ 16	1955/ 02	1996/ 29
Extreme Snow Depth (cm)	36	47	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	36	67
Date (yyyy/dd)	1969/ 01+	2019/ 12	1960/ 04+	1955/ 01+	1955/ 01+	1955/ 01+	1955/ 01+	1955/ 01+	1955/ 01+	1955/ 01+	1985/ 27	1996/ 30

Days With ...

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Days With ...
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Freezing Rain or Freezing Drizzle	0.20	0.03	0.07	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.07	0.23	0.60	A
Thunderstorms	0.0	0.03	0.17	0.10	0.23	0.27	0.37	0.37	0.47	0.17	0.13	0.07	2.4	A
Hail	0.0	0.10	0.23	0.20	0.10	0.03	0.0	0.0	0.03	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.69	A
Fog, Ice Fog, or Freezing Fog	4.6	2.2	1.5	0.37	0.53	0.47	0.53	0.67	2.5	3.8	3.4	2.9	23.3	A
Smoke or Haze	0.13	0.17	0.03	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.03	0.43	0.40	0.10	0.07	0.10	1.5	A

Days with Maximum Temperature

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Days with Maximum Temperature
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
<= -30 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	C
<= -20 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	C
<= -10 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	C
<= 0 °C	0.56	0.19	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.25	0.70	1.7	C
> 0 °C	30.4	28.0	31.0	30.0	31.0	30.0	31.0	31.0	30.0	31.0	29.8	30.3	363.5	C
> 10 °C	6.6	8.4	18.4	27.2	30.9	30.0	31.0	31.0	30.0	29.3	14.3	4.6	261.7	C
> 20 °C	0.0	0.0	0.11	1.2	6.1	12.4	24.6	24.6	12.7	0.91	0.0	0.0	82.5	C
> 30 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.60	0.85	0.61	0.04	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.1	C
> 35 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.04	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.04	C
> 40 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	C

Days with Minimum Temperature

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Days with Minimum Temperature
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
> 20 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	C
> 10 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.42	4.7	16.0	25.3	25.5	9.8	2.7	0.29	0.04	84.7	C
> 0 °C	20.8	18.2	25.2	28.5	31.0	30.0	31.0	31.0	30.0	30.1	23.3	21.2	320.2	C
<= 2 °C	16.1	17.0	13.4	6.2	0.61	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.04	2.8	12.6	17.3	85.8	C
<= 0 °C	10.2	10.0	5.8	1.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.87	6.7	9.9	45.0	C
< -2 °C	5.0	3.9	1.3	0.12	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.17	2.3	4.2	16.9	C
< -10 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.13	0.0	0.13	C
< -20 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	C
< -30 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	C
< -40 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	C

Days with Rainfall

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Days with Rainfall
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
>= 0.2 mm	18.9	14.5	16.8	13.7	11.6	9.5	5.4	5.5	8.0	14.0	18.5	19.0	155.5	C
>= 5 mm	8.4	5.2	5.1	2.9	2.4	2.1	1.4	1.5	2.5	5.7	8.7	8.7	54.6	C
>= 10 mm	5.0	2.5	1.9	1.0	0.52	0.62	0.48	0.73	1.1	3.0	4.9	4.5	26.2	C
>= 25 mm	1.2	0.35	0.31	0.08	0.04	0.0	0.04	0.19	0.08	0.57	1.1	1.0	4.9	C
>= 50 mm	0.08	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.0	0.0	0.04	0.0	0.0	0.13	0.08	0.04	0.49	C
>= 100 mm	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.04	0.0	0.0	0.04	C

Days with Snowfall

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Days with Snowfall
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
>= 0.2 cm	2.0	1.6	1.2	0.07	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.04	0.88	1.7	7.4	C
>= 5 cm	0.96	0.44	0.31	0.04	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.31	0.67	2.7	C
>= 10 cm	0.38	0.22	0.08	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.12	0.42	1.2	C
>= 25 cm	0.0	0.04	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.08	0.12	C
>= 40 cm	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.04	0.04	C

Days with Precipitation

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Days with Precipitation
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
>= 0.2 mm	19.8	15.2	17.0	13.7	11.6	9.5	5.4	5.5	8.0	14.1	18.9	19.4	158.1	C
>= 1 mm	16.5	10.9	12.5	9.5	8.0	6.2	3.5	3.7	5.8	11.0	15.5	15.7	118.7	C
>= 5 mm	9.2	5.6	5.5	3.0	2.4	2.1	1.4	1.5	2.5	5.7	9.0	9.2	56.9	C
>= 10 mm	5.5	2.7	2.1	1.0	0.52	0.62	0.48	0.73	1.1	3.0	5.1	4.7	27.7	C
>= 25 mm	1.2	0.37	0.31	0.08	0.04	0.0	0.04	0.19	0.08	0.57	1.1	1.1	5.1	C
>= 50 mm	0.08	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.0	0.0	0.04	0.0	0.0	0.13	0.08	0.12	0.57	C
>= 100 mm	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.04	0.0	0.0	0.04	C

Days with Snow Depth

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Days with Snow Depth
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
>= 1 cm	3.5	0.78	0.35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.77	2.2	7.6	C
>= 5 cm	1.7	0.43	0.13	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.50	1.7	4.4	C
>= 10 cm	1.0	0.04	0.04	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.32	1.3	2.7	C
>= 20 cm	0.35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.50	0.85	C
>= 30 cm	0.09	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.36	0.45	C
>= 50 cm	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.14	0.14	C
>= 100 cm	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	C

Wind

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Wind
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Speed (km/h)	10.1	10.0	10.8	10.5	9.7	9.8	9.0	8.3	7.7	8.7	10.2	11.1	9.7	A
Most Frequent Direction	W	W	W	W	W	W	SE	SE	W	W	W	W	W	A
Days with Winds >= 52 km/h	0.61	0.70	0.70	0.17	0.0	0.14	0.0	0.0	0.05	0.38	0.91	1.0	4.7	C
Days with Winds >= 63 km/h	0.09	0.13	0.17	0.04	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.05	0.14	0.18	0.80	C
Days with Gusts >= 90 km/h	0.14	0.04	0.04	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.05	0.10	0.37	C

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Wind Extremes (Normal Period)
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Extreme Speed (km/h)	59	56	67	52	46	46	43	44	42	56	57	67
Date (yyyy/dd)	1997/ 01	1999/ 05+	2012/ 12	2002/ 14+	2010/ 03+	2010/ 02	2008/ 29	1999/ 25	2020/ 25	1994/ 31	2007/ 12+	2006/ 13
Direction of Extreme Speed	SW	SE	SE	W	SW	W	SW	SW	W	SW	SE	W
Extreme Gust Speed (km/h)	111	93	95	83	67	70	61	63	82	91	91	104
Date (yyyy/dd)	2013/ 05	1999/ 05	2012/ 12	2010/ 02	2010/ 03+	2004/ 18	2008/ 29	2015/ 29	2013/ 29	1993/ 23	2010/ 15	1995/ 13
Direction of Extreme Gust Speed	S	SE	SE	SE	SW	E	W	SE	SE	SW	W	S

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Wind Extremes (Long-Term)
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Extreme Speed (km/h)	61	66	67	58	51	51	45	45	54	77	64	74
Date (yyyy/dd)	1953/ 09+	1972/ 27	2012/ 12	1958/ 17	1965/ 16	1957/ 28	1959/ 12	1955/ 01	1988/ 06	1962/ 12	1962/ 29	1957/ 19
Direction of Extreme Speed	S	SW	SE	SW	W	W	W	W	SW	E	E	W
Extreme Gust Speed (km/h)	111	109	95	83	72	70	66	63	85	91	93	109
Date (yyyy/dd)	2013/ 05	1972/ 27	2012/ 12	2010/ 02	1975/ 03	2004/ 18	1973/ 10	2015/ 29	1988/ 06	1993/ 23	1973/ 19	1967/ 05
Direction of Extreme Gust Speed	S	SW	SE	SE	E	E	W	SE	SW	SW	SE	SW

Degree Days

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Degree Days
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Above 24 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.4	C
Above 18 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.4	4.6	15.8	12.1	1.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	34.2	C
Above 15 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.4	6.5	25.3	70.8	66.3	17.8	0.3	0.0	0.0	187.2	C
Above 10 °C	0.6	0.3	2.0	17.4	80.1	150.4	222.5	217.8	131.9	33.0	3.9	0.4	860.3	C
Above 5 °C	32.6	27.4	63.3	124.0	228.6	300.2	377.5	372.8	281.5	159.7	60.6	27.4	2055.5	C
Above 0 °C	147.2	140.1	207.1	273.3	383.6	450.2	532.5	527.8	431.5	313.8	193.5	143.6	3744.2	C
Below 0 °C	4.4	2.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.9	4.8	13.5	C
Below 5 °C	44.7	30.7	11.3	0.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.9	19.1	43.6	151.0	C
Below 10 °C	167.8	144.8	105.0	44.1	6.5	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.4	29.2	112.4	171.7	782.0	C
Below 15 °C	322.2	285.7	258.0	177.1	87.9	25.1	3.3	3.5	36.3	151.5	258.4	326.2	1935.0	C
Below 18 °C	415.2	370.4	351.0	266.7	174.8	94.4	41.3	42.3	109.8	244.2	348.4	419.2	2877.7	C

Quintiles

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Quintiles
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Quintile 1 (Lower Bound)	45.1	24.1	11.3	4.2	2.0	0.8	0.0	0.6	0.0	14.2	52.1	39.3
Quintile 1 (Upper Bound)	102.3	48.6	51.4	28.5	19.0	15.4	6.4	3.4	11.5	51.8	94.0	99.0
Quintile 2 (Upper Bound)	113.3	65.4	73.3	45.0	25.6	24.0	10.9	12.5	21.9	75.7	118.6	115.7
Quintile 3 (Upper Bound)	152.6	96.4	88.0	52.2	36.5	30.4	16.3	20.8	42.0	87.2	130.4	153.9
Quintile 4 (Upper Bound)	204.1	118.4	112.2	63.9	53.7	39.8	27.5	32.9	69.6	131.4	160.7	191.0
Quintile 5 (Upper Bound)	291.3	238.6	184.5	112.2	76.2	69.8	67.6	98.5	114.2	318.8	351.9	276.6

Humidex

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Humidex
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Days with Humidex >= 30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0	2.5	2.1	0.17	0.0	0.0	0.0	5.8	A
Days with Humidex >= 35	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.24	0.03	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.27	A
Days with Humidex >= 40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	A

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Humidex Extremes (Normal Period)
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Extreme Humidex	17.4	17.1	21.1	26.1	29.7	34.7	39.6	35.2	34.2	26.8	20.0	17.0
Date (yyyy/dd)	2015/ 24	1991/ 26	2019/ 20	1998/ 30	1993/ 12	2013/ 30	2009/ 29	1993/ 03	2017/ 04	2012/ 01	2006/ 06	2015/ 08

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Humidex Extremes (Long-Term)
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Extreme Humidex	17.4	17.1	21.1	26.1	33.6	34.7	39.6	36.8	34.7	27.0	20.0	17.7
Date (yyyy/dd)	2015/ 24	1991/ 26	2019/ 20	1998/ 30	1983/ 28	2013/ 30	2009/ 29	1960/ 09	1955/ 04	1987/ 01	2006/ 06	1958/ 02

Wind Chill

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Wind Chill
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Days with Wind Chill < -20	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	A
Days with Wind Chill < -30	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	A
Days with Wind Chill < -40	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	A
Days with Wind Chill < -50	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	A

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Wind Chill Extremes (Normal Period)
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Extreme Wind Chill	-15.2	-12.3	-11.0	-5.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	-6.8	-16.5	-16.0
Date (yyyy/dd)	1996/ 29	2011/ 25	2009/ 10	2008/ 02	1991/ 01+	1991/ 01+	1991/ 01+	1991/ 01+	1991/ 01+	2006/ 31	2006/ 28	2008/ 20

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Wind Chill Extremes (Long-Term)
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Extreme Wind Chill	-19.1	-23.7	-13.9	-6.7	-5.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	-9.1	-19.4	-25.1
Date (yyyy/dd)	1957/ 26	1989/ 02	1955/ 04	1975/ 01	1954/ 01	1953/ 01+	1953/ 01+	1953/ 01+	1953/ 01+	1984/ 31	1955/ 12	1964/ 16

Humidity

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Humidity
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Average Vapour Pressure (kPa)	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.9	1.0	1.2	1.3	1.4	1.2	1.0	0.9	0.8	1.0	A
Average Relative Humidity - 0600LST (%)	89.3	87.7	86.1	85.3	82.8	79.8	81.9	86.4	89.9	90.0	90.1	88.8	86.5	A
Average Relative Humidity - 1500LST (%)	78.4	69.9	65.3	60.5	58.4	56.3	55.4	56.4	60.7	69.7	76.6	79.3	65.6	A

Pressure

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Pressure
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Average Station Pressure (kPa)	101.4	101.5	101.4	101.5	101.4	101.4	101.5	101.4	101.4	101.5	101.4	101.4	101.4	A
Average Sea Level Pressure (kPa)	101.7	101.7	101.6	101.7	101.7	101.7	101.7	101.6	101.7	101.7	101.6	101.7	101.7	A

Visibility (hours with)

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Visibility (hours with)
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
< 1 km	19.0	7.6	3.4	1.1	0.7	0.6	0.9	1.0	4.5	14.4	12.8	13.3	79.4	A
1 to 9 km	105.5	57.9	36.5	17.3	16.1	8.8	9.4	17.7	34.4	68.9	86.0	86.2	544.7	A
> 9 km	618.6	612.7	703.2	700.1	725.8	709.7	732.9	724.5	680.2	659.8	620.5	643.8	8131.8	A

Cloud Amount (hours with)

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Cloud Amount (hours with)
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
0 to 2 tenths	113.5	147.3	122.1	135.3	182.1	174.6	331.7	315.7	282.1	175.8	111.8	83.5	2175.5	D
3 to 7 tenths	98.8	115.9	138.7	148.2	165.2	168.9	163.9	181.8	163.2	135.1	113.9	105.6	1699.1	D
8 to 10 tenths	531.7	414.8	483.2	436.5	396.7	376.4	248.4	246.6	274.7	433.1	494.3	554.9	4891.4	D

Frost-Free

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Frost-Free
	Date/Days	Code
Average Date of Last Spring Frost	Apr 04	D
Average Date of First Fall Frost	Nov 04	D
Average Length of Frost-Free Period	213 Days	D

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Data
Frost-Free
	10%	25%	33%	50%	66%	75%	90%
Probability of last temperature in spring <= 0°C, on or after (Date)	Apr 30	Apr 25	Apr 21	Apr 14	Apr 08	Mar 31	Mar 22
Probability of first temperature in fall <= 0°C, on or before (Date)	Oct 17	Oct 30	Oct 31	Nov 05	Nov 09	Nov 11	Nov 23
Probability of frost-free period equal to or less than indicated period (Days)	174	190	193	205	218	222	231

Legend

A = WMO "3 and 5 rule" (i.e. no more than 3 consecutive and no more than 5 total missing for either temperature or precipitation)
B = At least 25 years
C = At least 20 years

D = At least 15 years
+ = Most recent occurrence of the extreme value

Element Analytics

Statistics listed below are provided as a guide to determine the validity of Normals and Extremes calculations. For example, a composite station with 30 years of record between 1991 and 2020 with no missing years would be a more reliable normal than a composite station with 15 years of record and 2 missing years. Less than 100% possible observations indicates that out of the total number of observations used, some records were missing.

VICTORIA (AIRPORT)
BRITISH COLUMBIA

Temperature

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Temperature
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Daily Average (°C)	1991	2020	30	2	10523	96.3
Standard Deviation	1991	2020	30	2	10523	96.3
Daily Maximum (°C)	1991	2020	30	2	10557	96.6
Daily Minimum (°C)	1991	2020	30	2	10528	96.3

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Temperature Extremes (Normal Period)
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Maximum Daily Mean (°C)	1991	2020			10698	97.9
Minimum Daily Mean (°C)	1991	2020			10698	97.9
Extreme Maximum (°C)	1991	2020			10708	98
Minimum Daily Maximum (°C)	1991	2020			10708	98
Maximum Daily Minimum (°C)	1991	2020			10705	98
Extreme Minimum (°C)	1991	2020			10705	98

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Temperature Extremes (Long-Term)
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Maximum Daily Mean (°C)	1940	2020			29104	99.2
Minimum Daily Mean (°C)	1940	2020			29104	99.2
Extreme Maximum (°C)	1940	2020			29120	99.2
Minimum Daily Maximum (°C)	1940	2020			29120	99.2
Maximum Daily Minimum (°C)	1940	2020			29112	99.2
Extreme Minimum (°C)	1940	2020			29112	99.2

Precipitation

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Precipitation
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Rainfall (mm)	1991	2020	26	6	9128	83.6
Snowfall (cm)	1991	2020	27	6	9277	84.9
Precipitation (mm)	1991	2020	27	6	9218	84.4
Average Snow Depth (cm)	1991	2013	23	1	8185	74.9
Median Snow Depth (cm)	1991	2013	23	1	8185	74.9
Snow Depth at Month-end (cm)	1991	2019	25	3	271	75.5

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Precipitation Extremes (Normal Period)
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Extreme Daily Rainfall (mm)	1991	2020			10661	97.6
Extreme Daily Snowfall (cm)	1991	2020			10684	97.8
Extreme Daily Precipitation (mm)	1991	2020			10677	97.7
Extreme Snow Depth (cm)	1991	2020			8269	75.7

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Precipitation Extremes (Long-Term)
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Extreme Daily Rainfall (mm)	1940	2020			29085	99
Extreme Daily Snowfall (cm)	1940	2020			29129	99.2
Extreme Daily Precipitation (mm)	1940	2020			29102	99.1
Extreme Snow Depth (cm)	1955	2020			21418	89

Days With ...

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Days With ...
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Freezing Rain or Freezing Drizzle	1991	2020	30	1	10681	97.7
Thunderstorms	1991	2020	30	1	10681	97.7
Hail	1991	2020	30	1	10681	97.7
Fog, Ice Fog, or Freezing Fog	1991	2020	30	1	10682	97.8
Smoke or Haze	1991	2020	30	1	10683	97.8

Days with Maximum Temperature

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Days with Maximum Temperature
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
<= -30 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9314	85.2
<= -20 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9314	85.2
<= -10 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9314	85.2
<= 0 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9314	85.2
> 0 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9314	85.2
> 10 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9314	85.2
> 20 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9314	85.2
> 30 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9314	85.2
> 35 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9314	85.2
> 40 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9314	85.2

Days with Minimum Temperature

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Days with Minimum Temperature
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
> 20 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9284	84.9
> 10 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9284	84.9
> 0 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9284	84.9
<= 2 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9284	84.9
<= 0 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9284	84.9
< -2 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9284	84.9
< -10 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9284	84.9
< -20 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9284	84.9
< -30 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9284	84.9
< -40 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9284	84.9

Days with Rainfall

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Days with Rainfall
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
>= 0.2 mm	1991	2020	26	6	9128	83.6
>= 5 mm	1991	2020	26	6	9128	83.6
>= 10 mm	1991	2020	26	6	9128	83.6
>= 25 mm	1991	2020	26	6	9128	83.6
>= 50 mm	1991	2020	26	6	9128	83.6
>= 100 mm	1991	2020	26	6	9128	83.6

Days with Snowfall

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Days with Snowfall
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
>= 0.2 cm	1991	2020	27	6	9277	84.9
>= 5 cm	1991	2020	27	6	9277	84.9
>= 10 cm	1991	2020	27	6	9277	84.9
>= 25 cm	1991	2020	27	6	9277	84.9
>= 40 cm	1991	2020	27	6	9277	84.9

Days with Precipitation

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Days with Precipitation
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
>= 0.2 mm	1991	2020	27	6	9218	84.4
>= 1 mm	1991	2020	27	6	9218	84.4
>= 5 mm	1991	2020	27	6	9218	84.4
>= 10 mm	1991	2020	27	6	9218	84.4
>= 25 mm	1991	2020	27	6	9218	84.4
>= 50 mm	1991	2020	27	6	9218	84.4
>= 100 mm	1991	2020	27	6	9218	84.4

Days with Snow Depth

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Days with Snow Depth
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
>= 1 cm	1991	2013	23	1	8155	74.6
>= 5 cm	1991	2013	23	1	8155	74.6
>= 10 cm	1991	2013	23	1	8155	74.6
>= 20 cm	1991	2013	23	1	8155	74.6
>= 30 cm	1991	2013	23	1	8155	74.6
>= 50 cm	1991	2013	23	1	8155	74.6
>= 100 cm	1991	2013	23	1	8155	74.6

Wind

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Wind
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Speed (km/h)	1991	2020	30	1	253960	99
Most Frequent Direction	1991	2020	30	1	253763	99.8
Days with Winds >= 52 km/h	1991	2013	23	1	8125	74.4
Days with Winds >= 63 km/h	1991	2013	23	1	8125	74.4
Days with Gusts >= 90 km/h	1991	2018	24	3	8124	74.6

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Wind Extremes (Normal Period)
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Extreme Speed (km/h)	1991	2020			254999	99.5
Direction of Extreme Speed	1991	2020			254999	99.5
Extreme Gust Speed (km/h)	1991	2020			10172	93.3
Direction of Extreme Gust Speed	1991	2020			10172	93.3

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Wind Extremes (Long-Term)
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Extreme Speed (km/h)	1953	2020			588091	99.8
Direction of Extreme Speed	1953	2020			588091	99.8
Extreme Gust Speed (km/h)	1964	2020			19788	96.5
Direction of Extreme Gust Speed	1964	2020			19788	96.5

Degree Days

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Degree Days
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Above 24 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9194	84.1
Above 18 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9194	84.1
Above 15 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9194	84.1
Above 10 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9194	84.1
Above 5 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9194	84.1
Above 0 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9194	84.1
Below 0 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9194	84.1
Below 5 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9194	84.1
Below 10 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9194	84.1
Below 15 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9194	84.1
Below 18 °C	1991	2020	28	5	9194	84.1

Quintiles

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Quintiles
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Quintile 1 (Lower Bound)	1991	2020	30	2	10526	96.3
Quintile 1 (Upper Bound)	1991	2020	30	2	10526	96.3
Quintile 2 (Upper Bound)	1991	2020	30	2	10526	96.3
Quintile 3 (Upper Bound)	1991	2020	30	2	10526	96.3
Quintile 4 (Upper Bound)	1991	2020	30	2	10526	96.3
Quintile 5 (Upper Bound)	1991	2020	30	2	10526	96.3

Humidex

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Humidex
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Days with Humidex >= 30	1991	2020	30	1	253940	99
Days with Humidex >= 35	1991	2020	30	1	253940	99
Days with Humidex >= 40	1991	2020	30	1	253940	99

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Humidex Extremes (Normal Period)
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Extreme Humidex	1991	2020			254980	99.4

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Humidex Extremes (Long-Term)
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Extreme Humidex	1953	2020			587986	99.7

Wind Chill

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Wind Chill
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Days with Wind Chill < -20	1991	2020	30	1	253957	99
Days with Wind Chill < -30	1991	2020	30	1	253957	99
Days with Wind Chill < -40	1991	2020	30	1	253957	99
Days with Wind Chill < -50	1991	2020	30	1	253957	99

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Wind Chill Extremes (Normal Period)
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Extreme Wind Chill	1991	2020			254996	99.5

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Wind Chill Extremes (Long-Term)
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Extreme Wind Chill	1953	2020			588083	99.8

Humidity

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Humidity
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Average Vapour Pressure (kPa)	1991	2020	30	1	253946	99
Average Relative Humidity - 0600LST (%)	1991	2020	30	1	10586	99.1
Average Relative Humidity - 1500LST (%)	1991	2020	30	1	10571	98.9

Pressure

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Pressure
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Average Station Pressure (kPa)	1991	2020	30	1	253960	99
Average Sea Level Pressure (kPa)	1991	2020	30	1	253957	99

Visibility (hours with)

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Visibility (hours with)
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
< 1 km	1991	2020	30	1	253965	99
1 to 9 km	1991	2020	30	1	253965	99
> 9 km	1991	2020	30	1	253965	99

Cloud Amount (hours with)

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Cloud Amount (hours with)
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
0 to 2 tenths	1991	2013	18	7	143136	55.8
3 to 7 tenths	1991	2013	18	7	143136	55.8
8 to 10 tenths	1991	2013	18	7	143136	55.8

Frost-Free

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals Element Analytics
Frost-Free
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Average Date of Last Spring Frost	1991	2014	18	3	18	75.0
Average Date of First Fall Frost	1991	2014	18	3	18	75.0
Average Length of Frost-Free Period	1991	2014	18	3	18	75.0
Probability of last temperature in spring <= 0°C, on or after (Date)
10 %	1942	2014			66	90.4
25 %	1942	2014			66	90.4
33 %	1942	2014			66	90.4
50 %	1942	2014			66	90.4
66 %	1942	2014			66	90.4
75 %	1942	2014			66	90.4
90 %	1942	2014			66	90.4
Probability of first temperature in fall <= 0°C, on or before (Date)
10 %	1942	2014			66	90.4
25 %	1942	2014			66	90.4
33 %	1942	2014			66	90.4
50 %	1942	2014			66	90.4
66 %	1942	2014			66	90.4
75 %	1942	2014			66	90.4
90 %	1942	2014			66	90.4
Probability of frost-free period equal to or less than indicated period (Days)
10 %	1942	2014			66	90.4
25 %	1942	2014			66	90.4
33 %	1942	2014			66	90.4
50 %	1942	2014			66	90.4
66 %	1942	2014			66	90.4
75 %	1942	2014			66	90.4
90 %	1942	2014			66	90.4

Composite Metadata / Threads

The Climate Normals, Averages, and Extremes are based on Canadian climate composite stations with at least 15 years of data between 1991 and 2020. Composite stations are comprised of one or more stations operated by the Meteorological Service of Canada (MSC) or its partners, where data from individual stations are joined together to create a 30-year data series for a given location. All stations (and associated metadata) used as part of the composite are listed below, alongside the threads used to calculate each Normals/Extremes element.

VICTORIA (AIRPORT)
BRITISH COLUMBIA

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Composite Station Metadata

All stations used in the composite for all Normals and Extremes elements are listed. Station metadata includes station name, station identifiers, coordinates, and elevation.

Composite Station Name: VICTORIA (AIRPORT)

Station Name	Climate ID	WMO ID	TC ID	Latitude	Longitude	Elevation (m)
VICTORIA INTL A	1018621	71799	YYJ	48°38'50.000" N	123°25'33.000" W	19.5
VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620	71799	YYJ	48°38'50.010" N	123°25'33.000" W	19.5

Composite Station Threads

Station composites are threaded from the beginning of the Normals period starting in 1991 to the end of 2020, where the predecessor site's data is used until the end of its period of record and is then joined to the current operating site to extend the time series. Threads are generated by climate element for hourly and daily data, and may vary due to differences in station history, instrumentation, meteorological data availability, data quality, or proximity.

Normals and Extremes elements are grouped based on the climate element used in its calculation. Normal period extremes (NPE) are calculated using threads for the 30-year normal period. For long-term (LT) elements and long-term extremes (LTE), the same Normals period threads are extended back in time to the earliest date of data available from the first station used in the data series. These use the 'LTE Start Date' instead of the 'Start Date', that applies to normals period elements and extremes (NPE).

For additional station metadata information, refer to the above section "Composite Station Metadata".

Composite Station Name: VICTORIA (AIRPORT)

Temperature

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals (Composite) Station Threads
Normals/Extremes Elements	Climate Element	Station Name	Climate ID	LTE Start Date	Start Date	End Date
Daily Average (°C) Standard Deviation Maximum Daily Mean (°C) (NPE, LTE) Minimum Daily Mean (°C) (NPE, LTE)	DAILY MEAN TEMPERATURE	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620	1940/08/01	1991/01/01	2013/07/10
	DAILY MEAN TEMPERATURE	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31
Daily Maximum (°C) Extreme Maximum (°C) (NPE, LTE) Minimum Daily Maximum (°C) (NPE, LTE)	DAILY MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620	1940/08/01	1991/01/01	2013/07/10
	DAILY MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31
Daily Minimum (°C) Maximum Daily Minimum (°C) (NPE, LTE) Extreme Minimum (°C) (NPE, LTE)	DAILY MINIMUM TEMPERATURE	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620	1940/08/01	1991/01/01	2013/07/10
	DAILY MINIMUM TEMPERATURE	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31

Precipitation

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals (Composite) Station Threads
Normals/Extremes Elements	Climate Element	Station Name	Climate ID	LTE Start Date	Start Date	End Date
Rainfall (mm) Extreme Daily Rainfall (mm) (NPE, LTE)	DAILY TOTAL RAINFALL	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620	1940/07/01	1991/01/01	2013/07/10
Rainfall (mm) Extreme Daily Rainfall (mm) (NPE, LTE)	DAILY TOTAL RAINFALL	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31
Snowfall (cm) Extreme Daily Snowfall (cm) (NPE, LTE)	DAILY TOTAL SNOWFALL	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620	1940/07/01	1991/01/01	2013/07/10
Snowfall (cm) Extreme Daily Snowfall (cm) (NPE, LTE)	DAILY TOTAL SNOWFALL	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31
Precipitation (mm) Extreme Daily Precipitation (mm) (NPE, LTE)	DAILY TOTAL PRECIPITATION	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620	1940/07/01	1991/01/01	2013/07/10
	DAILY TOTAL PRECIPITATION	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31
Average Snow Depth (cm) Median Snow Depth (cm) Snow Depth at Month-end (cm) Extreme Snow Depth (cm) (NPE, LTE)	SNOW ON GROUND	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620	1955/01/01	1991/01/01	2013/07/10
	SNOW ON GROUND	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31

Days With ...

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals (Composite) Station Threads
Normals/Extremes Elements	Climate Element	Station Name	Climate ID	Start Date	End Date
Freezing Rain or Freezing Drizzle	DAY WITH FREEZING RAIN	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620	1991/01/01	2013/07/10
Freezing Rain or Freezing Drizzle	DAY WITH FREEZING RAIN	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621	2013/07/11	2020/12/31
Thunderstorms	DAY WITH THUNDERSTORMS	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620	1991/01/01	2013/07/10
Thunderstorms	DAY WITH THUNDERSTORMS	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621	2013/07/11	2020/12/31
Hail	DAY WITH HAIL	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620	1991/01/01	2013/07/10
Hail	DAY WITH HAIL	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621	2013/07/11	2020/12/31
Fog, Ice Fog, or Freezing Fog	DAY WITH FOG OR ICE FOG	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620	1991/01/01	2013/07/10
Fog, Ice Fog, or Freezing Fog	DAY WITH FOG OR ICE FOG	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621	2013/07/11	2020/12/31
Smoke or Haze	DAY WITH SMOKE/HAZE	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620	1991/01/01	2013/07/10
Smoke or Haze	DAY WITH SMOKE/HAZE	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621	2013/07/11	2020/12/31

Days with Maximum Temperature

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals (Composite) Station Threads
Normals/Extremes Elements	Climate Element	Station Name	Climate ID	LTE Start Date	Start Date	End Date
<= -30 °C <= -20 °C <= -10 °C <= 0 °C > 0 °C > 10 °C > 20 °C > 30 °C > 35 °C > 40 °C	DAILY MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620		1991/01/01	2013/07/10
	DAILY MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31

Days with Minimum Temperature

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals (Composite) Station Threads
Normals/Extremes Elements	Climate Element	Station Name	Climate ID	LTE Start Date	Start Date	End Date
> 20 °C > 10 °C > 0 °C <= 2 °C <= 0 °C < -2 °C < -10 °C < -20 °C < -30 °C < -40 °C	DAILY MINIMUM TEMPERATURE	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620		1991/01/01	2013/07/10
	DAILY MINIMUM TEMPERATURE	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31

Days with Rainfall

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals (Composite) Station Threads
Normals/Extremes Elements	Climate Element	Station Name	Climate ID	LTE Start Date	Start Date	End Date
>= 0.2 mm >= 5 mm >= 10 mm >= 25 mm >= 50 mm >= 100 mm	DAILY TOTAL RAINFALL	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620		1991/01/01	2013/07/10
>= 0.2 mm >= 5 mm >= 10 mm >= 25 mm >= 50 mm >= 100 mm	DAILY TOTAL RAINFALL	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31

Days With Snowfall

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals (Composite) Station Threads
Normals/Extremes Elements	Climate Element	Station Name	Climate ID	LTE Start Date	Start Date	End Date
>= 0.2 cm >= 5 cm >= 10 cm >= 25 cm >= 40 cm	DAILY TOTAL SNOWFALL	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620		1991/01/01	2013/07/10
>= 0.2 cm >= 5 cm >= 10 cm >= 25 cm >= 40 cm	DAILY TOTAL SNOWFALL	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31

Days with Precipitation

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals (Composite) Station Threads
Normals/Extremes Elements	Climate Element	Station Name	Climate ID	LTE Start Date	Start Date	End Date
>= 0.2 mm >= 1 mm >= 5 mm >= 10 mm >= 25 mm >= 50 mm >= 100 mm	DAILY TOTAL PRECIPITATION	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620		1991/01/01	2013/07/10
	DAILY TOTAL PRECIPITATION	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31

Days with Snow Depth

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals (Composite) Station Threads
Normals/Extremes Elements	Climate Element	Station Name	Climate ID	LTE Start Date	Start Date	End Date
>= 1 cm >= 5 cm >= 10 cm >= 20 cm >= 30 cm >= 50 cm >= 100 cm	SNOW ON GROUND	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620		1991/01/01	2013/07/10
	SNOW ON GROUND	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31

Wind

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals (Composite) Station Threads
Normals/Extremes Elements	Climate Element	Station Name	Climate ID	LTE Start Date	Start Date	End Date
Days with Winds >= 52 km/h	DAY WITH WIND SPEED >= 28 KNOTS	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620		1991/01/01	2013/07/10
Days with Winds >= 52 km/h	DAY WITH WIND SPEED >= 28 KNOTS	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31
Days with Winds >= 63 km/h	DAY WITH WIND SPEED >= 34 KNOTS	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620		1991/01/01	2013/07/10
Days with Winds >= 63 km/h	DAY WITH WIND SPEED >= 34 KNOTS	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31
Speed (km/h) Extreme Speed (km/h) (NPE, LTE)	WIND SPEED	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620	1953/01/01	1991/01/01	2013/07/10
Speed (km/h) Extreme Speed (km/h) (NPE, LTE)	WIND SPEED	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31
Most Frequent Direction Direction of Extreme Speed (NPE, LTE)	WIND DIRECTION	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620	1953/01/01	1991/01/01	2013/07/10
	WIND DIRECTION	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31
Days with Gusts >= 90 km/h Extreme Gust Speed (km/h) (NPE, LTE)	SPEED OF EXTREME GUST	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620	1964/08/01	1991/01/01	2013/07/10
	SPEED OF EXTREME GUST	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31
Direction of Extreme Gust Speed (NPE, LTE)	DIRECTION OF EXTREME GUST	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620	1964/08/01	1991/01/01	2013/07/10
Direction of Extreme Gust Speed (NPE, LTE)	DIRECTION OF EXTREME GUST	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31

Degree Days

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals (Composite) Station Threads
Normals/Extremes Elements	Climate Element	Station Name	Climate ID	LTE Start Date	Start Date	End Date
Above 24 °C Above 18 °C Above 15 °C Above 10 °C Above 5 °C Above 0 °C Below 0 °C Below 5 °C Below 10 °C Below 15 °C Below 18 °C	DAILY MEAN TEMPERATURE	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620		1991/01/01	2013/07/10
	DAILY MEAN TEMPERATURE	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31

Quintiles

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals (Composite) Station Threads
Normals/Extremes Elements	Climate Element	Station Name	Climate ID	LTE Start Date	Start Date	End Date
Quintile 1 (Lower Bound) Quintile 1 (Upper Bound) Quintile 2 (Upper Bound) Quintile 3 (Upper Bound) Quintile 4 (Upper Bound) Quintile 5 (Upper Bound)	DAILY TOTAL PRECIPITATION	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620		1991/01/01	2013/07/10
	DAILY TOTAL PRECIPITATION	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31

Humidex

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals (Composite) Station Threads
Normals/Extremes Elements	Climate Element	Station Name	Climate ID	LTE Start Date	Start Date	End Date
Days with Humidex >= 30 Days with Humidex >= 35 Days with Humidex >= 40 Extreme Humidex (NPE, LTE)	DEW POINT TEMPERATURE	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620	1953/01/01	1991/01/01	2013/07/10
	DEW POINT TEMPERATURE	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31
	DRY BULB TEMPERATURE	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620	1953/01/01	1991/01/01	2013/07/10
	DRY BULB TEMPERATURE	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31

Wind Chill

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals (Composite) Station Threads
Normals/Extremes Elements	Climate Element	Station Name	Climate ID	LTE Start Date	Start Date	End Date
Days with Wind Chill < -20 Days with Wind Chill < -30 Days with Wind Chill < -40 Days with Wind Chill < -50 Extreme Wind Chill (NPE, LTE)	DRY BULB TEMPERATURE	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620	1953/01/01	1991/01/01	2013/07/10
	DRY BULB TEMPERATURE	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31
	WIND SPEED	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620	1953/01/01	1991/01/01	2013/07/10
	WIND SPEED	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31

Humidity

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals (Composite) Station Threads
Normals/Extremes Elements	Climate Element	Station Name	Climate ID	Start Date	End Date
Average Vapour Pressure (kPa)	DEW POINT TEMPERATURE	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620	1991/01/01	2013/07/10
Average Vapour Pressure (kPa)	DEW POINT TEMPERATURE	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621	2013/07/11	2020/12/31
Average Relative Humidity - 0600LST (%) Average Relative Humidity - 1500LST (%)	RELATIVE HUMIDITY	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620	1991/01/01	2013/07/10
	RELATIVE HUMIDITY	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621	2013/07/11	2020/12/31

Pressure

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals (Composite) Station Threads
Normals/Extremes Elements	Climate Element	Station Name	Climate ID	Start Date	End Date
Average Station Pressure (kPa)	STATION PRESSURE	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620	1991/01/01	2013/07/10
Average Station Pressure (kPa)	STATION PRESSURE	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621	2013/07/11	2020/12/31
Average Sea Level Pressure (kPa)	SEA LEVEL PRESSURE	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620	1991/01/01	2013/07/10
Average Sea Level Pressure (kPa)	SEA LEVEL PRESSURE	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621	2013/07/11	2020/12/31

Visibility (hours with)

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals (Composite) Station Threads
Normals/Extremes Elements	Climate Element	Station Name	Climate ID	LTE Start Date	Start Date	End Date
< 1 km 1 to 9 km > 9 km	VISIBILITY	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620		1991/01/01	2013/07/10
< 1 km 1 to 9 km > 9 km	VISIBILITY	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31

Cloud Amount (hours with)

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals (Composite) Station Threads
Normals/Extremes Elements	Climate Element	Station Name	Climate ID	LTE Start Date	Start Date	End Date
0 to 2 tenths 3 to 7 tenths 8 to 10 tenths	TOTAL CLOUD AMOUNT	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620		1991/01/01	2013/07/10
0 to 2 tenths 3 to 7 tenths 8 to 10 tenths	TOTAL CLOUD AMOUNT	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2020/12/31

Frost-Free

1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals (Composite) Station Threads
Normals/Extremes Elements	Climate Element	Station Name	Climate ID	LT Start Date	Start Date	End Date
Average Date of Last Spring Frost Average Date of First Fall Frost Average Length of Frost-Free Period Probability of last temperature in spring <= 0°C, on or after (Date) (LT) Probability of first temperature in fall <= 0°C, on or before (Date) (LT) Probability of frost-free period equal to or less than indicated period (Days) (LT)	DAILY MINIMUM TEMPERATURE	VICTORIA INT'L A	1018620	1942/01/01	1991/01/01	2013/07/10
	DAILY MINIMUM TEMPERATURE	VICTORIA INTL A	1018621		2013/07/11	2014/01/31

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Date modified:: 2024-06-27

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Canadian Climate Normals 1991-2020 Data

Temperature and Precipitation Graph for 1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals
VICTORIA (AIRPORT)

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Composite Station Metadata

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Canadian Climate Normals 1991-2020 Data

Temperature and Precipitation Graph for 1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate NormalsVICTORIA (AIRPORT)

Composite Station Metadata

Composite Station Threads

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Temperature and Precipitation Graph for 1991 to 2020 Canadian Climate Normals
VICTORIA (AIRPORT)