Canadian Climate Normals 1981-2010 Station Data

Temperature and Precipitation Graph

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Temperature and Precipitation Graph for 1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals
FORT CHIPEWYAN A

Symbol	Description
	Daily Maximum Temperature (°C)
	Daily Average Temperature (°C)
	Daily Minimum Temperature (°C)
	Precipitation (mm)

Normals Data

The minimum number of years used to calculate these Normals is indicated by a code for each element. A "+" beside an extreme date indicates that this date is the first occurrence of the extreme value. Values and dates in bold indicate all-time extremes for the location.

Data used in the calculation of these Normals may be subject to further quality assurance checks. This may result in minor changes to some values presented here.

FORT CHIPEWYAN A
ALBERTA

58°46'00.000" N

111°07'00.000" W

232.00 m

3072658

Temperature

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Temperature
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Daily Average (°C)	-21.9	-18.4	-11.3	-0.6	7.7	14.1	17.0	14.9	8.7	0.6	-11.1	-18.2	-1.5	A
Standard Deviation	4.8	4.2	3.8	2.7	2.2	1.1	1.2	1.9	1.5	2.1	4.4	4.6	1.4	A
Daily Maximum (°C)	-16.5	-12.5	-4.6	5.5	13.8	20.4	23.0	20.9	14.0	4.8	-6.7	-13.2	4.1	A
Daily Minimum (°C)	-27.1	-24.3	-18.0	-6.6	1.5	7.8	11.0	8.9	3.4	-3.6	-15.4	-23.2	-7.1	A
Extreme Maximum (°C)	10.5	11.0	14.5	27.1	32.3	34.7	34.0	34.1	29.0	26.5	17.0	8.8
Date (yyyy/dd)	1993/ 31	1986/ 28	1984/ 30	1980/ 29	1995/ 28	2002/ 27	1989/ 16	2003/ 01	1981/ 08	1987/ 02	1984/ 13	1999/ 27
Extreme Minimum (°C)	-50.0	-46.8	-43.8	-34.1	-21.8	-7.0	-0.9	-4.2	-12.2	-30.0	-39.8	-47.8
Date (yyyy/dd)	1969/ 26	1996/ 01	1995/ 04	1979/ 05	2002/ 04	2007/ 09	2001/ 03	1979/ 29	1974/ 26	1984/ 31	2006/ 27	1975/ 11

Precipitation

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Precipitation
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Rainfall (mm)	0.3	0.1	0.2	6.2	24.5	44.4	67.4	50.2	43.2	13.3	0.4	0.2	250.4	C
Snowfall (cm)	14.8	14.4	15.7	9.8	2.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.7	15.5	24.7	18.5	116.9	C
Precipitation (mm)	14.9	14.1	15.8	16.0	27.2	44.4	67.4	50.2	44.0	28.8	24.5	18.4	365.7	C
Extreme Daily Rainfall (mm)	3.8	2.6	1.0	20.0	25.8	71.8	47.2	46.5	42.0	25.0	5.0	2.0
Date (yyyy/dd)	1987/ 11	1977/ 21	1968/ 06	1994/ 22	1994/ 12	1986/ 19	1972/ 10	2007/ 21	1978/ 08	1984/ 12	1977/ 06	2002/ 15
Extreme Daily Snowfall (cm)	14.2	18.6	14.0	22.9	19.3	0.5	0.0	0.0	15.7	27.4	23.0	14.8
Date (yyyy/dd)	1974/ 01	1992/ 08	1970/ 17	1969/ 03	1968/ 01	2002/ 02	1968/ 01	1968/ 01	1972/ 22	1976/ 03	1988/ 06	1990/ 08
Extreme Daily Precipitation (mm)	14.2	18.6	16.3	27.5	35.6	71.8	47.2	46.5	42.0	32.5	23.0	14.8
Date (yyyy/dd)	1968/ 16	1992/ 08	1970/ 17	1994/ 22	1968/ 01	1986/ 19	1972/ 10	2007/ 21	1978/ 08	1976/ 03	1988/ 06	1990/ 08
Extreme Snow Depth (cm)	86	109	124	112	23	2	0	0	15	16	57	85
Date (yyyy/dd)	1991/ 31	1974/ 27	1974/ 18	1972/ 02	1968/ 02	1978/ 15	1968/ 01	1968/ 01	1972/ 23	1982/ 17	1990/ 30	1990/ 31

Days with Maximum Temperature

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Maximum Temperature
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
<= 0 °C	29.7	26.4	21.6	6.4	0.67	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.08	7.0	24.4	29.3	145.4	A
> 0 °C	1.3	1.9	9.4	23.7	30.3	30.0	31.0	31.0	29.9	24.0	5.6	1.7	219.8	A
> 10 °C	0.04	0.04	0.65	8.6	21.9	29.2	31.0	30.7	22.0	6.4	0.08	0.0	150.5	A
> 20 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.23	5.4	16.2	23.3	16.9	3.7	0.28	0.0	0.0	66.0	A
> 30 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.07	0.37	1.2	1.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.7	A
> 35 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	A

Days with Minimum Temperature

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Minimum Temperature
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
> 0 °C	0.0	0.0	0.20	3.6	19.0	28.6	30.9	29.9	22.0	7.0	0.24	0.0	141.4	A
<= 2 °C	31.0	28.2	31.0	28.5	16.9	3.0	0.26	2.7	11.7	27.3	30.0	31.0	241.5	A
<= 0 °C	31.0	28.2	30.8	26.4	12.0	1.4	0.11	1.2	8.0	24.0	29.8	31.0	223.8	A
< -2 °C	31.0	28.1	30.3	21.7	7.1	0.33	0.0	0.11	3.7	17.3	28.8	31.0	199.3	A
< -10 °C	29.9	26.6	23.2	7.9	0.59	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.04	3.6	20.0	28.4	140.3	A
< -20 °C	22.5	18.0	11.7	1.7	0.04	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.52	8.5	18.0	80.9	A
< - 30 °C	12.5	8.6	4.1	0.15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.7	7.9	34.9	A

Days with Rainfall

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Rainfall
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
>= 0.2 mm	0.16	0.08	0.31	3.3	8.8	11.6	13.6	12.9	12.2	5.6	0.55	0.17	69.3	C
>= 5 mm	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.33	1.5	2.9	4.0	2.9	2.4	0.65	0.0	0.0	14.7	C
>= 10 mm	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.08	0.54	1.0	2.2	1.3	1.0	0.17	0.0	0.0	6.4	C
>= 25 mm	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.04	0.12	0.42	0.37	0.31	0.04	0.0	0.0	1.3	C

Days With Snowfall

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days With Snowfall
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
>= 0.2 cm	11.4	9.9	9.0	3.9	1.4	0.04	0.0	0.0	0.35	7.0	13.1	11.5	67.4	C
>= 5 cm	0.29	0.40	0.76	0.63	0.15	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.08	0.78	1.3	1.1	5.4	C
>= 10 cm	0.0	0.08	0.24	0.13	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.30	0.22	0.09	1.1	C
>= 25 cm	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	C

Days with Precipitation

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Precipitation
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
>= 0.2 mm	11.4	10.0	9.2	7.0	9.9	11.7	13.6	12.9	12.4	11.7	13.9	11.5	135.1	C
>= 5 mm	0.33	0.36	0.72	0.88	1.7	2.9	4.0	2.9	2.4	1.7	1.3	1.1	20.3	C
>= 10 mm	0.0	0.08	0.24	0.29	0.54	1.0	2.2	1.3	1.1	0.52	0.18	0.09	7.6	C
>= 25 mm	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.04	0.04	0.12	0.42	0.37	0.31	0.04	0.0	0.0	1.3	C

Wind

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Wind
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Maximum Hourly Speed (km/h)	46	51	45	48	59	60	65	63	47	64	61	51
Date (yyyy/dd)	1991/ 27	1976/ 22	1973/ 25	1985/ 20	1978/ 22	1975/ 27	1984/ 01	1998/ 30	1973/ 09	1972/ 03	1977/ 17	1970/ 25
Direction of Maximum Hourly Speed	N	W	NE	NE	N	E	SW	W	W	W	W	W
Maximum Gust Speed (km/h)	87	77	70	69	98	95	90	80	79	84	90	76
Date (yyyy/dd)	1974/ 01	1976/ 22	1979/ 24	1969/ 24	1977/ 12	1975/ 27	1973/ 11	1973/ 17	1973/ 09	1972/ 03	1976/ 04	1970/ 25
Direction of Maximum Gust	N	W	NE	NE	S	E	NE	E	W	W	W	NW

Degree Days

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Degree Days
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Above 24 °C	0	0	0	0	0	0.1	0.8	0.7	0	0	0	0	1.6	A
Above 18 °C	0	0	0	0	2.1	10.4	27.8	18.4	0.5	0	0	0	59.1	A
Above 15 °C	0	0	0	0	7.5	36.5	79.6	53.3	4.5	0.1	0	0	181.5	A
Above 10 °C	0	0	0	1.3	37.1	132.8	216.9	160.9	37.9	2.4	0	0	589.3	A
Above 5 °C	0	0	0.4	15.1	116.3	273.6	371.8	307.4	127.4	18	0	0	1229.9	A
Above 0 °C	0.3	0.7	5.2	71.3	245.1	423.1	526.8	462.3	263	78	2.2	0.2	2078.1	A
Below 0 °C	677.6	519.7	352.2	87.8	7.5	0	0	0	0.8	59.4	326.6	561.2	2592.8	A
Below 5 °C	832.3	660.1	502.4	181.7	33.7	0.4	0	0.1	15.3	154.4	474.4	716	3570.7	A
Below 10 °C	987.3	801.2	657	317.8	109.5	9.7	0.1	8.6	75.8	293.9	624.4	871	4756.3	A
Below 15 °C	1142.3	942.3	812	466.6	234.9	63.3	17.9	56	192.4	446.5	774.4	1,026	6174.6	A
Below 18 °C	1235.3	1,027	905	556.6	322.5	127.2	59	114.2	278.4	539.4	864.4	1,119	7147.8	A

Humidex

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Humidex
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Extreme Humidex	7.3	10.6	14.5	26.4	32.4	38.3	37.7	40.6	30.6	26.0	14.1	8.4
Date (yyyy/dd)	1989/ 26	1986/ 28	1984/ 30	1980/ 29	1995/ 28	2002/ 27	1984/ 27	1974/ 04	1988/ 05	1987/ 02	1978/ 02	1999/ 27

Wind Chill

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Wind Chill
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Extreme Wind Chill (°C)	-58	-59	-52	-41	-25	-7	0	-6	-16	-33	-47	-59
Date (yyyy/dd)	1990/ 29	1979/ 02	1976/ 01	1996/ 01	2002/ 04	1969/ 11	1968/ 01	1974/ 19	1974/ 28	1984/ 30	1990/ 26	1975/ 11

Humidity

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Humidity
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Average Relative Humidity - 1500LST (%)	75.5	71.8	64	52	46.2	48	51.7	56.2	59.2	68.5	80.3	77.9	62.6	C

Visibility (hours with)

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Visibility (hours with)
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
< 1 km	2	1	7	2.3		3.3	1	5.8	5	4.5	3.8	19
1 to 9 km	123	60	68.5	20.2		11.7	45.5	25.3	28	24.5	92.8	96
> 9 km	619	635	668.5	697.5		705	697.5	713	687	715	623.5	629

Frost-Free

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Frost-Free
	Date/Days	Code
Average Date of Last Spring Frost	Jun 07	C
Average Date of First Fall Frost	Sept 01	C
Average Length of Frost-Free Period	85 Days	C

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Frost-Free
Probability of last temperature in spring of 0 °C or lower on or after indicated dates	10%	25%	33%	50%	66%	75%	90%
Date	Jun 25	Jun 14	Jun 13	Jun 04	May 26	May 23	May 16
Probability of first temperature in fall of 0 °C or lower on or before indicated dates	10%	25%	33%	50%	66%	75%	90%
Date	Aug 17	Aug 20	Aug 22	Sep 06	Sep 11	Sep 13	Sep 19
Probability of frost-free period equal to or less than indicated period (Days)	10%	25%	33%	50%	66%	75%	90%
Days	60	76	77	91	98	103	117

Legend

A = WMO "3 and 5 rule" (i.e. no more than 3 consecutive and no more than 5 total missing for either temperature or precipitation)
B = At least 25 years

C = At least 20 years
D = At least 15 years

Station / Element Metadata

Statistics listed below are provided as a guide to determine the validity of Normals and Extremes calculations. For example, a station with 30 years of record between 1981 and 2010 with no missing years would be a more reliable normal than a station with 15 years of record and 2 missing years. Less than 100% possible observations indicates that out of the total number of observations used, some records were missing.

FORT CHIPEWYAN A

Province/Territory

Latitude (dd mm):

58 46 N

Country

CAN

Longitude (ddd mm):

111 07 W

Time Zone

MST

Latitude (decimal degrees):

58.77 N

Climate ID:

3072658

Longitude (decimal degrees):

111.12 W

WMO ID:

Elevation (m):

232

TC ID:

Temperature

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Temperature
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Daily Average (°C)	1981	2007	27	1	9639	99.6
Standard Deviation	1981	2007	27	1	9639	99.6
Daily Maximum (°C)	1981	2007	27	1	9641	99.6
Daily Minimum (°C)	1981	2007	27	1	9640	99.6
Extreme Maximum (°C)	1967	2007			14402	99.6
Extreme Minimum (°C)	1967	2007			14403	99.6

Precipitation

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Precipitation
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Rainfall (mm)	1981	2007	27	2	8917	97.3
Snowfall (cm)	1981	2007	27	2	8917	96.4
Precipitation (mm)	1981	2007	27	2	8917	97.6
Extreme Daily Rainfall (mm)	1967	2007			13859	99.6
Extreme Daily Snowfall (cm)	1967	2007			13943	99.6
Extreme Daily Precipitation (mm)	1967	2007			13800	99.4
Extreme Snow Depth (cm)	1967	2007			8888	89.2

Days with Maximum Temperature

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days with Maximum Temperature
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
<= 0 °C	1981	2007	27	1	9555	98.7
> 0 °C	1981	2007	27	1	9555	98.7
> 10 °C	1981	2007	27	1	9555	98.7
> 20 °C	1981	2007	27	1	9555	98.7
> 30 °C	1981	2007	27	1	9555	98.7
> 35 °C	1981	2007	27	1	9555	98.7

Days with Minimum Temperature

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days with Minimum Temperature
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
> 0 °C	1981	2007	27	1	9555	98.7
<= 2 °C	1981	2007	27	1	9555	98.7
<= 0 °C	1981	2007	27	1	9555	98.7
< -2 °C	1981	2007	27	1	9555	98.7
< -10 °C	1981	2007	27	1	9555	98.7
< -20 °C	1981	2007	27	1	9555	98.7
< - 30 °C	1981	2007	27	1	9555	98.7

Days with Rainfall

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days with Rainfall
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
>= 0.2 mm	1981	2007	27	2	9041	98.6
>= 5 mm	1981	2007	27	2	9041	98.6
>= 10 mm	1981	2007	27	2	9041	98.6
>= 25 mm	1981	2007	27	2	9041	98.6

Days With Snowfall

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days With Snowfall
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
>= 0.2 cm	1981	2007	27	2	9100	98.3
>= 5 cm	1981	2007	27	2	9100	98.3
>= 10 cm	1981	2007	27	2	9100	98.3
>= 25 cm	1981	2007	27	2	9100	98.3

Days with Precipitation

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days with Precipitation
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
>= 0.2 mm	1981	2007	27	2	8917	97.6
>= 5 mm	1981	2007	27	2	8917	97.6
>= 10 mm	1981	2007	27	2	8917	97.6
>= 25 mm	1981	2007	27	2	8917	97.6

Wind

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Wind
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Maximum Hourly Speed (km/h)	1967	2006			295514	87.4
Maximum Gust Speed (km/h)	1967	1979			4360	99.5

Degree Days

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Degree Days
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Above 24 °C	1981	2007	27	1	9524	98.4
Above 18 °C	1981	2007	27	1	9524	98.4
Above 15 °C	1981	2007	27	1	9524	98.4
Above 10 °C	1981	2007	27	1	9524	98.4
Above 5 °C	1981	2007	27	1	9524	98.4
Above 0 °C	1981	2007	27	1	9524	98.4
Below 0 °C	1981	2007	27	1	9524	98.4
Below 5 °C	1981	2007	27	1	9524	98.4
Below 10 °C	1981	2007	27	1	9524	98.4
Below 15 °C	1981	2007	27	1	9524	98.4
Below 18 °C	1981	2007	27	1	9524	98.4

Humidex

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Humidex
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Extreme Humidex	1967	2006			292374	86.5

Wind Chill

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Wind Chill
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Extreme Wind Chill (°C)	1967	2006			295451	87.4

Humidity

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Humidity
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Average Relative Humidity - 1500LST (%)	1981	2006	26	1	8887	95.8

Visibility (hours with)

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Visibility (hours with)
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
< 1 km	1999	2006	6	3	22632	11.2
1 to 9 km	1999	2006	6	3	22632	11.2
> 9 km	1999	2006	6	3	22632	11.2

Frost-Free

1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Frost-Free
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Average Date of Last Spring Frost	1982	2005	22	1	22	91.7
Average Date of First Fall Frost	1982	2005	22	1	22	91.7
Average Length of Frost-Free Period	1982	2005	22	1	22	91.7
Probability of last temperature in spring <= 0°C, on or after (Date)
10 %	1968	2005	37	4	33	86.8
25 %	1968	2005	37	4	33	86.8
33 %	1968	2005	37	4	33	86.8
50 %	1968	2005	37	4	33	86.8
66 %	1968	2005	37	4	33	86.8
75 %	1968	2005	37	4	33	86.8
90 %	1968	2005	37	4	33	86.8
Probability of first temperature in fall <= 0°C, on or before (Date)
10 %	1968	2005	37	4	33	86.8
25 %	1968	2005	37	4	33	86.8
33 %	1968	2005	37	4	33	86.8
50 %	1968	2005	37	4	33	86.8
66 %	1968	2005	37	4	33	86.8
75 %	1968	2005	37	4	33	86.8
90 %	1968	2005	37	4	33	86.8
Probability of frost-free period equal to or less than indicated period (Days)
10 %	1968	2005	37	4	33	86.8
25 %	1968	2005	37	4	33	86.8
33 %	1968	2005	37	4	33	86.8
50 %	1968	2005	37	4	33	86.8
66 %	1968	2005	37	4	33	86.8
75 %	1968	2005	37	4	33	86.8
90 %	1968	2005	37	4	33	86.8

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Date modified:: 2024-03-27

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Canadian Climate Normals 1981-2010 Station Data

Temperature and Precipitation Graph for 1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals
FORT CHIPEWYAN A

Legend

Page details

Canadian Climate Normals 1981-2010 Station Data

Temperature and Precipitation Graph for 1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate NormalsFORT CHIPEWYAN A

Page details

Temperature and Precipitation Graph for 1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals
FORT CHIPEWYAN A