Canadian Climate Normals 1971-2000 Station Data

Temperature and Precipitation Graph

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Temperature and Precipitation Graph for 1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals
TORONTO ISLAND A

Symbol	Description
	Daily Maximum Temperature (°C)
	Daily Average Temperature (°C)
	Daily Minimum Temperature (°C)
	Precipitation (mm)

Normals Data

The minimum number of years used to calculate these Normals is indicated by a code for each element. A "+" beside an extreme date indicates that this date is the first occurrence of the extreme value. Values and dates in bold indicate all-time extremes for the location.

Data used in the calculation of these Normals may be subject to further quality assurance checks. This may result in minor changes to some values presented here.

TORONTO ISLAND A
ONTARIO

43°37'43.000" N

79°23'42.000" W

76.50 m

6158665

71265

Temperature

1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Temperature
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Daily Average (°C)	-4.5	-3.9	0.4	6.4	12.3	17.3	20.7	20.4	16.2	9.7	4.6	-1.3	8.2	C
Standard Deviation	2.8	2.2	1.6	1.2	1.4	1.4	1.2	1.4	1.2	1.5	1.2	2.5	0.7	C
Daily Maximum (°C)	-1.3	-0.7	3.7	10.1	16.6	21.6	25.1	24.3	19.9	13.0	7.3	1.8	11.8	C
Daily Minimum (°C)	-7.8	-7.2	-2.9	2.7	8.0	13.0	16.3	16.6	12.4	6.5	1.8	-4.3	4.6	C
Extreme Maximum (°C)	12.8	12.5	22.5	30.1	34.1	36.8	37.0	36.1	33.4	28.3	20.0	16.3
Date (yyyy/dd)	1967/ 25	1984/ 23	1986/ 30	1990/ 25	1988/ 30	1987/ 26	1988/ 08	1973/ 28	1983/ 10	1963/ 07	1971/ 02	1982/ 04
Extreme Minimum (°C)	-27.8	-25.1	-20.6	-11.1	-1.1	4.0	7.2	5.5	2.6	-3.3	-13.9	-25.0
Date (yyyy/dd)	1981/ 04	1979/ 17	1967/ 18	1972/ 07	1957/ 03	1980/ 09	1957/ 11	1982/ 29	1993/ 30	1965/ 29	1958/ 30	1980/ 25

Precipitation

1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Precipitation
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Rainfall (mm)	23.3	24.1	45.5	63.2	71.6	67.5	67.2	80.1	83.4	64.6	69.3	45.1	705.0	C
Snowfall (cm)	29.5	26.0	18.4	6.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5.4	27.6	112.8	C
Precipitation (mm)	50.5	48.5	64.4	69.0	71.6	67.5	67.2	80.1	83.4	64.6	74.6	72.4	813.8	C
Average Snow Depth (cm)	5	6	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	1	C
Median Snow Depth (cm)	4	5	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	C
Snow Depth at Month-end (cm)	6	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	2	1	C
Extreme Daily Rainfall (mm)	35.0	33.8	45.2	35.8	61.7	51.1	63.1	75.9	66.4	43.7	56.9	45.8
Date (yyyy/dd)	1979/ 24	1990/ 22	1991/ 27	1980/ 14	1974/ 16	1957/ 28	1977/ 06	1970/ 30	1977/ 24	1957/ 23	1977/ 07	1979/ 25
Extreme Daily Snowfall (cm)	34.5	21.8	23.1	23.2	0.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5.3	15.2	20.4
Date (yyyy/dd)	1966/ 22	1990/ 15	1964/ 10	1979/ 04	1959/ 15	1957/ 01	1957/ 01	1957/ 01	1957/ 01	1969/ 21	1958/ 28	1992/ 10
Extreme Daily Precipitation (mm)	61.0	33.8	45.2	36.2	61.7	51.1	63.1	75.9	66.4	43.7	56.9	45.8
Date (yyyy/dd)	1968/ 14	1990/ 22	1991/ 27	1980/ 14	1974/ 16	1957/ 28	1977/ 06	1970/ 30	1977/ 24	1957/ 23	1977/ 07	1979/ 25
Extreme Snow Depth (cm)	38	34	24	18	0	0	0	0	0	5	14	30
Date (yyyy/dd)	1966/ 23	1985/ 07	1984/ 01	1987/ 01	1962/ 01	1962/ 01	1962/ 01	1961/ 01	1961/ 01	1969/ 22	1987/ 20	1973/ 21

Days with Maximum Temperature

1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Maximum Temperature
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
<= 0 °C	16.9	15.1	6.8	0.42	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.2	10.0	50.3	C
> 0 °C	14.1	13.2	24.2	29.6	31.0	30.0	31.0	31.0	30.0	31.0	28.8	21.0	314.9	C
> 10 °C	0.04	0.17	2.8	14.8	28.7	30.0	31.0	31.0	30.0	23.2	7.9	1.3	200.9	C
> 20 °C	0.0	0.0	0.04	0.75	6.6	19.1	29.3	27.4	13.8	0.88	0.0	0.0	97.8	C
> 30 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.04	0.17	0.75	2.1	1.4	0.29	0.0	0.0	0.0	4.8	C
> 35 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.04	0.21	0.08	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.33	C

Days with Minimum Temperature

1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Minimum Temperature
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
> 0 °C	3.1	3.4	9.5	23.5	31.0	30.0	31.0	31.0	30.0	30.0	20.0	7.3	249.8	C
<= 2 °C	30.1	27.3	26.8	11.6	0.54	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3.0	15.3	27.7	142.2	C
<= 0 °C	27.9	24.9	21.5	6.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0	10.0	23.7	115.5	C
< -2 °C	24.1	21.8	16.0	2.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.17	5.3	18.3	87.9	C
< -10 °C	10.5	8.7	2.5	0.04	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.08	4.9	26.7	C
< -20 °C	0.96	0.54	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.17	1.7	C
< - 30 °C	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	C

Days with Rainfall

1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Rainfall
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
>= 0.2 mm	4.8	4.8	8.4	10.7	11.5	11.3	9.8	10.3	10.8	11.9	11.1	7.6	113.0	C
>= 5 mm	1.5	1.5	3.0	4.6	4.8	4.2	4.0	4.5	4.6	4.3	4.7	3.0	44.5	C
>= 10 mm	0.71	0.71	1.5	2.2	2.6	2.0	2.3	2.7	2.8	2.0	2.2	1.5	23.2	C
>= 25 mm	0.08	0.13	0.22	0.17	0.33	0.42	0.42	0.75	0.79	0.17	0.42	0.22	4.1	C

Days With Snowfall

1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days With Snowfall
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
>= 0.2 cm	11.1	8.8	5.8	1.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.04	2.5	8.9	39.0	C
>= 5 cm	2.2	1.5	1.3	0.38	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.33	1.7	7.3	C
>= 10 cm	0.54	0.58	0.33	0.21	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.08	0.70	2.4	C
>= 25 cm	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	C

Days with Precipitation

1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Precipitation
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
>= 0.2 mm	14.3	11.8	12.5	12.0	11.5	11.3	9.8	10.3	10.8	11.9	12.7	14.3	143.1	C
>= 5 mm	3.4	3.0	4.1	4.8	4.8	4.2	4.0	4.5	4.6	4.3	5.1	4.6	51.4	C
>= 10 mm	1.2	1.3	2.2	2.4	2.6	2.0	2.3	2.7	2.8	2.0	2.4	2.3	26.1	C
>= 25 mm	0.13	0.13	0.30	0.21	0.33	0.42	0.42	0.75	0.79	0.17	0.42	0.30	4.4	C

Days with Snow Depth

1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Snow Depth
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
>= 1 cm	18.5	19.0	10.4	1.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.3	10.6	60.9	C
>= 5 cm	12.1	11.8	5.3	0.42	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.46	4.2	34.3	C
>= 10 cm	6.5	7.2	2.8	0.25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.13	2.2	19.1	C
>= 20 cm	1.6	2.3	0.50	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.65	5.1	C

Wind

1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Wind
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Speed (km/h)	22.9	20.4	19.7	18.5	15.0	13.3	12.2	12.3	13.8	16.2	20.0	21.4	17.2	A
Most Frequent Direction	W	W	E	E	E	E	E	E	E	E	W	W	E	A
Maximum Hourly Speed (km/h)	96	74	121	78	95	65	71	50	56	69	80	74
Date (yyyy/dd)	1978/ 26	1958/ 27	1964/ 05	1979/ 06	1965/ 03	1990/ 03	1964/ 13	1998/ 23	1977/ 24	1978/ 05	1958/ 29	1982/ 28
Maximum Gust Speed (km/h)	126	101	108	107	93	106	111	97	107	97	98	111
Date (yyyy/dd)	1978/ 26	1971/ 27	1971/ 04	1979/ 06	1990/ 17	1990/ 03	1987/ 24	1970/ 30	1982/ 02	1973/ 13	1994/ 28	1982/ 28
Direction of Maximum Gust	SW	SW	W	W	SW	W	W	W	W	NW	SW	W
Days with Winds >= 52 km/h	4.8	3.2	4.0	2.7	1.4	0.6	0.4	0.5	1.0	1.8	3.5	5.5	29.3	D
Days with Winds >= 63 km/h	1.6	1.0	1.3	0.9	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.8	1.0	1.9	9.6	D

Degree Days

1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Degree Days
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Above 24 °C	0	0	0	0	0	0.9	4.8	4.2	0.9	0	0	0	10.8	C
Above 18 °C	0	0	0	0	4.3	29.3	90.5	86.1	22.8	0.3	0	0	233.3	C
Above 15 °C	0	0	0	0.5	16.8	81.8	178	169.9	63.8	2.7	0.1	0	513.5	C
Above 10 °C	0	0	0.4	9.2	87	219.7	332.7	323.7	187	40.8	3.9	0.1	1204.4	C
Above 5 °C	0.4	0.4	9.4	69	226.4	369.5	487.7	478.7	335.1	151.1	41.2	4.1	2,173	C
Above 0 °C	16.5	17.5	62.9	195.3	381.3	519.5	642.7	633.7	485.1	301.8	144.7	41.3	3442.2	C
Below 0 °C	157.2	128.6	50.2	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	7.4	79.9	426.3	C
Below 5 °C	296.1	252.8	151.7	26.7	0.1	0	0	0	0	4.3	53.9	197.8	983.4	C
Below 10 °C	450.7	393.6	297.7	116.9	15.7	0.2	0	0	1.9	49	166.6	348.8	1841.1	C
Below 15 °C	605.7	534.9	452.3	258.3	100.5	12.3	0.3	1.2	28.7	165.9	312.8	503.7	2976.4	C
Below 18 °C	698.7	619.6	545.3	347.8	181	49.8	5.8	10.4	77.7	256.5	402.8	596.7	3791.9	C

Humidex

1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Humidex
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Extreme Humidex	12.6	10.9	22.3	31.8	38.1	45.5	48.6	45.3	43.0	32.1	23.3	15.8
Date (yyyy/dd)	1996/ 18	1984/ 23	1986/ 30	1990/ 25	1962/ 18	1995/ 19	1987/ 20	2001/ 07	1959/ 09	1971/ 02	1971/ 02	1982/ 03

Wind Chill

1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Wind Chill
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Extreme Wind Chill (°C)	-39.0	-36.1	-28.3	-20.0	-6.0	3.0	7.3	4.4	-1.6	-8.3	-22.2	-35.5
Date (yyyy/dd)	1981/ 04	1976/ 02	1989/ 07	1972/ 07	1963/ 01	1972/ 10	1997/ 05	1982/ 29	2000/ 28	1976/ 27	1958/ 30	1980/ 25

Humidity

1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Humidity
	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year	Code
Average Relative Humidity - 1500LST (%)	68.9	67.4	64.6	60.9	63.3	65.5	64.7	67.3	66.6	69	70.3	71.6	66.7	A

Legend

A = WMO "3 and 5 rule" (i.e. no more than 3 consecutive and no more than 5 total missing for either temperature or precipitation)
B = At least 25 years

C = At least 20 years
D = At least 15 years

Station / Element Metadata

Statistics listed below are provided as a guide to determine the validity of Normals and Extremes calculations. For example, a station with 30 years of record between 1971 and 2000 with no missing years would be a more reliable normal than a station with 15 years of record and 2 missing years. Less than 100% possible observations indicates that out of the total number of observations used, some records were missing.

TORONTO ISLAND A

Province/Territory

Latitude (dd mm):

43 37 N

Country

CAN

Longitude (ddd mm):

79 23 W

Time Zone

EST

Latitude (decimal degrees):

43.63 N

Climate ID:

6158665

Longitude (decimal degrees):

79.4 W

WMO ID:

71265

Elevation (m):

76.5

TC ID:

Temperature

1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Temperature
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Daily Average (°C)	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
Standard Deviation	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
Daily Maximum (°C)	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
Daily Minimum (°C)	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
Extreme Maximum (°C)	1957	1994			13726	100
Extreme Minimum (°C)	1957	1994			13726	100

Precipitation

1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Precipitation
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Rainfall (mm)	1971	1994	24	1	8704	99.7
Snowfall (cm)	1971	1994	24	1	8704	99.7
Precipitation (mm)	1971	1994	24	1	8704	99.7
Average Snow Depth (cm)	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
Median Snow Depth (cm)	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
Snow Depth at Month-end (cm)	1971	1994	24	0	287	100
Extreme Daily Rainfall (mm)	1957	1994			13725	100
Extreme Daily Snowfall (cm)	1957	1994			13701	99.8
Extreme Daily Precipitation (mm)	1957	1994			13698	99.8
Extreme Snow Depth (cm)	1961	1994			12151	99.8

Days with Maximum Temperature

1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days with Maximum Temperature
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
<= 0 °C	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
> 0 °C	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
> 10 °C	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
> 20 °C	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
> 30 °C	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
> 35 °C	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100

Days with Minimum Temperature

1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days with Minimum Temperature
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
> 0 °C	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
<= 2 °C	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
<= 0 °C	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
< -2 °C	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
< -10 °C	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
< -20 °C	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
< - 30 °C	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100

Days with Rainfall

1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days with Rainfall
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
>= 0.2 mm	1971	1994	24	1	8704	99.7
>= 5 mm	1971	1994	24	1	8704	99.7
>= 10 mm	1971	1994	24	1	8704	99.7
>= 25 mm	1971	1994	24	1	8704	99.7

Days With Snowfall

1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days With Snowfall
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
>= 0.2 cm	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
>= 5 cm	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
>= 10 cm	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
>= 25 cm	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100

Days with Precipitation

1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days with Precipitation
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
>= 0.2 mm	1971	1994	24	1	8704	99.7
>= 5 mm	1971	1994	24	1	8704	99.7
>= 10 mm	1971	1994	24	1	8704	99.7
>= 25 mm	1971	1994	24	1	8704	99.7

Days with Snow Depth

1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Days with Snow Depth
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
>= 1 cm	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
>= 5 cm	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
>= 10 cm	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
>= 20 cm	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100

Wind

1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Wind
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Speed (km/h)	1971	2000	30	2	255939	97.3
Most Frequent Direction	1971	2000	30	2	255867	99.2
Maximum Hourly Speed (km/h)	1957	2002			371776	92.4
Maximum Gust Speed (km/h)	1969	1994			8641	97.9
Direction of Maximum Gust
Days with Winds >= 52 km/h	1971	1994	24	3	7215	82.5
Days with Winds >= 63 km/h	1971	1994	24	3	7185	82.2

Degree Days

1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Degree Days
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Above 24 °C	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
Above 18 °C	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
Above 15 °C	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
Above 10 °C	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
Above 5 °C	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
Above 0 °C	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
Below 0 °C	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
Below 5 °C	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
Below 10 °C	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
Below 15 °C	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100
Below 18 °C	1971	1994	24	0	8735	100

Humidex

1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Humidex
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Extreme Humidex	1957	2002			259282	64.4

Wind Chill

1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Wind Chill
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Extreme Wind Chill (°C)	1957	2002			260064	64.6

Humidity

1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals Element Metadata
Humidity
	Begin Year	End Year	Total Number of Years	Missing Years	Total Count of Observations	% of Possible Observations
Average Relative Humidity - 1500LST (%)	1971	2000	30	2	10619	97.8

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Date modified:: 2024-03-27

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Canadian Climate Normals 1971-2000 Station Data

Temperature and Precipitation Graph for 1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals
TORONTO ISLAND A

Legend

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Canadian Climate Normals 1971-2000 Station Data

Temperature and Precipitation Graph for 1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate NormalsTORONTO ISLAND A

Page details

Temperature and Precipitation Graph for 1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals
TORONTO ISLAND A