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Canadian Climate Normals 1981-2010 Station Data

Temperature and Precipitation Graph
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Normals Data

The minimum number of years used to calculate these Normals is indicated by a code for each element. A "+" beside an extreme date indicates that this date is the first occurrence of the extreme value. Values and dates in bold indicate all-time extremes for the location.

Data used in the calculation of these Normals may be subject to further quality assurance checks. This may result in minor changes to some values presented here.

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Normals Station Data
(all elements)
Temperature
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Temperature
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
Daily Average (°C)-5.5-4.40.77.313.919.121.420.316.010.03.5-1.78.4D
Standard Deviation3.02.11.71.62.11.51.21.61.21.91.42.50.7D
Daily Maximum (°C)-2.2-0.94.812.219.624.727.125.921.414.66.91.112.9D
Daily Minimum (°C)-8.8-7.9-3.42.48.113.415.814.710.65.30.2-4.53.8D
Extreme Maximum (°C)15.515.024.430.035.538.036.536.534.430.622.817.8
Date (yyyy/dd)1995/ 131976/ 251977/ 301990/ 251987/ 301988/ 251988/ 061988/ 021973/ 031971/ 021975/ 061971/ 10
Extreme Minimum (°C)-30.0-25.6-22.2-13.0-3.50.05.50.0-3.0-8.0-12.0-25.0
Date (yyyy/dd)1984/ 161978/ 041978/ 071982/ 071983/ 091972/ 111978/ 121982/ 291991/ 281988/ 311982/ 271983/ 30
Precipitation
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Precipitation
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
Rainfall (mm)25.125.241.074.476.590.280.480.2107.568.581.545.4796.0D
Snowfall (cm)26.523.314.35.20.00.00.00.00.00.23.320.293.0D
Precipitation (mm)51.548.555.479.576.590.280.480.2107.568.784.865.6888.9D
Extreme Daily Rainfall (mm)43.046.339.461.055.0102.271.950.563.554.435.539.6
Date (yyyy/dd)1993/ 041990/ 221976/ 021979/ 131996/ 091994/ 131976/ 281984/ 041990/ 061959/ 061982/ 011959/ 12
Extreme Daily Snowfall (cm)19.817.020.018.00.00.00.00.00.02.510.917.8
Date (yyyy/dd)1957/ 091982/ 031993/ 041982/ 051957/ 011957/ 011956/ 011956/ 011956/ 011974/ 191958/ 281974/ 01
Extreme Daily Precipitation (mm)43.046.351.661.055.0102.271.950.563.554.435.539.6
Date (yyyy/dd)1993/ 041990/ 221965/ 051979/ 131996/ 091994/ 131976/ 281984/ 041990/ 061959/ 061982/ 011959/ 12
Extreme Snow Depth (cm)48562625000000926
Date (yyyy/dd)1985/ 251982/ 141982/ 041982/ 061981/ 011981/ 011981/ 011981/ 011981/ 011981/ 011996/ 281983/ 28
Days with Rainfall
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Rainfall
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
>= 0.2 mm4.44.48.112.910.89.510.110.211.511.111.07.9111.8D
>= 5 mm1.81.63.05.34.85.14.64.95.54.45.43.249.6D
>= 10 mm0.880.811.12.42.53.22.42.83.22.32.91.425.9D
>= 25 mm0.130.130.190.190.630.750.630.811.10.440.380.195.5D
Days With Snowfall
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days With Snowfall
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
>= 0.2 cm7.55.93.91.30.00.00.00.00.00.061.27.227.0D
>= 5 cm2.11.91.10.500.00.00.00.00.00.00.311.47.4D
>= 10 cm0.440.380.190.060.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.251.3D
>= 25 cm0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0D
Days with Precipitation
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Precipitation
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
>= 0.2 mm11.59.811.213.710.89.510.110.211.511.112.113.4134.7D
>= 5 mm3.93.54.15.94.85.14.64.95.54.55.84.456.8D
>= 10 mm1.41.31.52.52.53.22.42.83.22.32.91.927.8D
>= 25 mm0.130.190.190.190.630.750.630.811.10.440.380.135.5D
Frost-Free
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Frost-Free
Probability of last temperature in spring of 0 °C or lower on or after indicated dates10%25%33%50%66%75%90%
DateMay 30May 14May 13May 05Apr 29Apr 29Apr 25
Probability of first temperature in fall of 0 °C or lower on or before indicated dates10%25%33%50%66%75%90%
DateSep 16Sep 24Sep 28Oct 08Oct 11Oct 13Oct 22
Probability of frost-free period equal to or less than indicated period (Days)10%25%33%50%66%75%90%
Days120133144151157161173

Legend

  • A = WMO "3 and 5 rule" (i.e. no more than 3 consecutive and no more than 5 total missing for either temperature or precipitation)
  • B = At least 25 years
  • C = At least 20 years
  • D = At least 15 years
Station / Element Metadata

Statistics listed below are provided as a guide to determine the validity of Normals and Extremes calculations. For example, a station with 30 years of record between 1981 and 2010 with no missing years would be a more reliable normal than a station with 15 years of record and 2 missing years. Less than 100% possible observations indicates that out of the total number of observations used, some records were missing.

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