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Canadian Climate Normals 1981-2010 Station Data

Temperature and Precipitation Graph
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Normals Data

The minimum number of years used to calculate these Normals is indicated by a code for each element. A "+" beside an extreme date indicates that this date is the first occurrence of the extreme value. Values and dates in bold indicate all-time extremes for the location.

Data used in the calculation of these Normals may be subject to further quality assurance checks. This may result in minor changes to some values presented here.

OTTAWA CDA *
ONTARIO
Current Station Operator: CCN

* This station meets WMO standards for temperature and precipitation.

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Normals Station Data
(all elements)
Temperature
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Temperature
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
Daily Average (°C)-10.2-7.9-2.26.513.518.721.219.915.38.42.0-5.66.6A
Standard Deviation3.42.52.21.61.71.31.11.31.51.31.83.30.9A
Daily Maximum (°C)-5.8-3.12.411.419.024.126.625.420.512.85.5-2.011.4A
Daily Minimum (°C)-14.4-12.5-6.81.58.013.315.714.510.14.0-1.5-9.21.9A
Extreme Maximum (°C)11.812.225.631.235.036.737.837.836.729.423.316.1
Date (yyyy/dd)2005/ 131953/ 211945/ 281990/ 271921/ 211921/ 221913/ 041917/ 011931/ 111891/ 031961/ 031951/ 07
Extreme Minimum (°C)-37.8-38.3-36.7-20.6-7.20.03.31.7-4.4-12.8-23.9-38.9
Date (yyyy/dd)1925/ 191934/ 171938/ 041923/ 011902/ 101910/ 041942/ 101934/ 301947/ 281933/ 261925/ 301933/ 29
Precipitation
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Precipitation
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
Rainfall (mm)23.017.928.863.286.692.784.483.892.783.167.531.9755.5A
Snowfall (cm)44.334.729.17.20.00.00.00.00.02.916.041.3175.4A
Precipitation (mm)62.949.757.571.186.692.784.483.892.785.982.769.5919.5A
Average Snow Depth (cm)1722171000000186C
Median Snow Depth (cm)1822170000000185C
Snow Depth at Month-end (cm)2122500000003135A
Extreme Daily Rainfall (mm)40.138.441.848.375.977.574.290.4108.658.449.073.2
Date (yyyy/dd)1995/ 151997/ 211980/ 211956/ 151916/ 171946/ 171899/ 111943/ 232004/ 091995/ 051907/ 071933/ 31
Extreme Daily Snowfall (cm)55.945.748.333.019.10.00.00.00.021.653.337.6
Date (yyyy/dd)1894/ 291895/ 081947/ 021970/ 021907/ 041890/ 011890/ 011890/ 011890/ 011933/ 241912/ 251973/ 20
Extreme Daily Precipitation (mm)55.945.748.848.375.977.574.290.4108.658.453.373.2
Date (yyyy/dd)1894/ 291895/ 081962/ 121956/ 151916/ 171946/ 171899/ 111943/ 232004/ 091995/ 051912/ 251933/ 31
Extreme Snow Depth (cm)5397896680000183051
Date (yyyy/dd)1971/ 301971/ 241971/ 121971/ 011963/ 111961/ 011961/ 011961/ 011961/ 011997/ 271995/ 281970/ 25
Days with Maximum Temperature
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Maximum Temperature
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
<= 0 °C23.218.710.00.650.00.00.00.00.00.04.617.474.5A
> 0 °C7.89.621.029.431.030.031.031.030.031.025.413.6290.8A
> 10 °C0.080.153.216.729.730.031.031.029.621.26.10.58199.2A
> 20 °C0.00.00.153.012.824.429.727.915.82.90.00.0116.5A
> 30 °C0.00.00.00.080.463.04.63.20.770.00.00.012.1A
> 35 °C0.00.00.00.00.00.040.00.150.040.00.00.00.23A
Days with Minimum Temperature
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Minimum Temperature
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
> 0 °C0.961.54.718.130.330.031.031.029.724.711.42.4215.6A
<= 2 °C30.927.829.617.72.50.040.00.01.211.523.630.2174.9A
<= 0 °C30.026.726.311.90.690.00.00.00.316.418.628.6149.6A
< -2 °C29.025.321.96.00.080.00.00.00.042.211.925.2121.5A
< -10 °C21.218.19.30.270.00.00.00.00.00.01.513.263.5A
< -20 °C8.25.01.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.02.716.8A
< - 30 °C0.380.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.080.46A
Days with Rainfall
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Rainfall
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
>= 0.2 mm3.73.55.511.514.412.411.611.212.914.611.65.5118.3A
>= 5 mm1.61.21.94.25.85.65.14.45.35.24.42.346.9A
>= 10 mm0.730.460.851.92.93.13.02.73.02.52.21.224.4A
>= 25 mm0.190.080.150.350.460.730.540.730.620.620.420.04.9A
Days With Snowfall
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days With Snowfall
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
>= 0.2 cm14.19.77.42.70.080.00.00.00.00.815.112.252.0A
>= 5 cm2.82.22.40.360.00.00.00.00.00.120.883.011.7A
>= 10 cm0.650.810.730.160.00.00.00.00.00.080.380.883.7A
>= 25 cm0.00.040.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.040.00.08A
Days with Precipitation
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Precipitation
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
>= 0.2 mm16.011.711.513.214.512.411.611.212.914.915.215.6160.7A
>= 5 mm4.13.14.14.95.85.65.14.45.35.35.24.957.9A
>= 10 mm1.41.51.72.22.93.13.02.73.02.72.72.128.7A
>= 25 mm0.190.120.190.360.460.730.540.730.620.620.460.085.1A
Days with Snow Depth
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Days with Snow Depth
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
>= 1 cm30.627.924.63.80.00.00.00.00.00.354.922.8114.9C
>= 5 cm28.527.522.31.90.00.00.00.00.00.152.818.4101.6C
>= 10 cm23.824.618.80.960.00.00.00.00.00.041.411.280.8C
>= 20 cm10.814.211.10.320.00.00.00.00.00.00.193.139.8C
Degree Days
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Degree Days
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
Above 24 °C00000.13.98.24.60.700017.5A
Above 18 °C0001.310.655.910477.719.50.600269.6A
Above 15 °C0004.233.7120.2191.3155.555.14.300564.2A
Above 10 °C000.822.3122.1261.3345.9308.2164.633.62.30.11,261A
Above 5 °C0.10.38.782.1263.7411.2500.9463.2309.211922.51.62182.4A
Above 0 °C4.58.346.2200418.3561.2655.9618.2459.1261.492.916.13341.9A
Below 0 °C319.3229.7114.96.2000000.233.5189.5893.3A
Below 5 °C470362.9232.438.20.40000.112.9113.13301559.9A
Below 10 °C624.8503.8379.5128.513.80.1005.582.4242.9483.52464.7A
Below 15 °C779.8644.9533.8260.480.490.42.346208.1390.6638.43,594A
Below 18 °C872.8729.6626.8347.4150.334.76.117.5100.4297.5480.6731.44395.1A
Soil Temperature
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Soil Temperature
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
at 5 cm depth (AM obs) (°C)-0.5-1.0-0.52.811.016.519.018.114.18.43.40.57.6D
at 5 cm depth (PM obs) (°C)-0.5-1.0-0.35.014.019.722.421.416.710.23.90.59.3D
at 10 cm depth (AM obs) (°C)-0.3-0.8-0.33.111.116.619.118.314.48.83.70.77.8D
at 10 cm depth (PM obs) (°C)-0.3-0.8-0.24.813.719.422.021.216.610.24.10.79.3D
at 20 cm depth (AM obs) (°C)0.3-0.30.13.311.516.919.418.915.19.64.51.48.4D
at 20 cm depth (PM obs) (°C)0.3-0.30.14.212.918.421.120.416.310.34.71.49.2D
at 50 cm depth (AM obs) (°C)0.6-0.2-0.32.19.514.717.417.514.710.05.21.87.7D
at 100 cm depth (AM obs) (°C)3.42.52.13.08.112.815.616.615.312.28.35.18.8D
at 150 cm depth (AM obs) (°C)4.63.63.03.36.910.813.715.114.712.69.46.48.7D
at 300 cm depth (AM obs) (°C)7.16.05.24.75.67.89.911.612.312.010.68.78.5D
Evaporation
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Evaporation
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
Lake Evaporation (mm)3.64.34.43.72.41.4
Bright Sunshine
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Bright Sunshine
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
Total Hours99.3131.3167.1189.8229.8254.2279.0249.3177.6139.484.382.62083.7D
Days with measurable21.322.225.125.627.828.330.129.926.825.920.719.8303.6D
% of possible daylight hours35.044.945.346.949.954.358.957.147.141.029.430.345.0D
Extreme Daily9.110.411.613.514.915.215.114.312.710.69.68.3
Date (yyyy/dd)1959/ 311968/ 261987/ 241952/ 301997/ 271979/ 251999/ 122000/ 041963/ 041976/ 011985/ 011952/ 18
Radiation
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Radiation
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
Extreme Global - RF1 (MJ/m2)11172328313231292417129
Date (yyyy/dd)1994/ 311994/ 272002/ 282000/ 301990/ 301987/ 201996/ 011987/ 011991/ 011992/ 011985/ 011989/ 01
Extreme Net - RF4 (MJ/m2)3212171819191613943
Date (yyyy/dd)1988/ 311986/ 281996/ 312000/ 241987/ 151987/ 171998/ 021998/ 012000/ 042001/ 012000/ 012001/ 01
Frost-Free
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Frost-Free
Date/Days Code
Average Date of Last Spring Frost Apr 30 A
Average Date of First Fall Frost Oct 06 A
Average Length of Frost-Free Period 158 Days A
1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals station data
Frost-Free
Probability of last temperature in spring of 0 °C or lower on or after indicated dates10%25%33%50%66%75%90%
DateMay 23May 17May 13May 07May 01Apr 28Apr 23
Probability of first temperature in fall of 0 °C or lower on or before indicated dates10%25%33%50%66%75%90%
DateSep 18Sep 25Sep 26Oct 01Oct 07Oct 09Oct 14
Probability of frost-free period equal to or less than indicated period (Days)10%25%33%50%66%75%90%
Days122133139149155158167

Legend

  • A = WMO "3 and 5 rule" (i.e. no more than 3 consecutive and no more than 5 total missing for either temperature or precipitation)
  • B = At least 25 years
  • C = At least 20 years
  • D = At least 15 years
Station / Element Metadata

Statistics listed below are provided as a guide to determine the validity of Normals and Extremes calculations. For example, a station with 30 years of record between 1981 and 2010 with no missing years would be a more reliable normal than a station with 15 years of record and 2 missing years. Less than 100% possible observations indicates that out of the total number of observations used, some records were missing.

OTTAWA CDA

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